胫后动脉的解剖学测量  

The Clinical Significance of the Anatomical Measurement of the Posterior Tibial Artery

作　　者：韩洪武[1] 李德华[1] 刘学元[1] 王盼[1] 刘学[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁医学院解剖学教研室,辽宁锦州121000

出　　处：《辽宁医学院学报》2012年第2期108-109,115,191,共4页Journal of Liaoning Medical University (LNMU) Bimonthly

摘　　要：目的测量胫后动脉的内径、外径及血管壁厚度,为临床介入治疗下肢尤其膝下动脉闭塞提供解剖学依据。方法用体视显微镜分组测量30具标本,记录60侧胫后动脉的近端(内踝最高点上5 cm)、中点(内踝最高点)、远端穿踝管后(足底内、外侧动脉分支前)内外径及动脉壁厚度。按年龄分为3组:青年组(年龄30岁以下,n=16);中年组(年龄30-50岁,n=26);老年组(年龄50岁以上,n=18),并进行性别、年龄、侧别的比较。采用PEMS3.0进行统计学分析。结果胫后动脉中点的外径(2.74±0.51)mm,内径(1.29±0.47)mm,管壁厚度(0.62±0.18)mm,与近、远端比较,三组数据差异均有统计学意义。两侧的远、中、近三处胫后动脉的内、外径及管壁厚度值无显著差异;男性管壁厚度大于女性;50岁以上者的外径及管壁厚度大于中、青年组。结论本研究提供了胫后动脉解剖学相关资料及数据比较、分析,其结果为临床对胫后动脉穿刺置管术的开展与应用提供了参考依据。Objective To provide the anatomical basis for clinical interventional therapy to artery occlusion of lower extremity especially the below knee part by measuring the inside and outside diameter and the thickness of the vessel wall of the posterior tibial artery. Methods 30 samples were measured by the stereomicroscope. The inside and outside diameter and the thickness of the vessel wall of the proximal （5 cm above the culmination of medial malleolus ） , middle （ the culmi- nation of medial malleolus） and distant segment （ anterior to the branches of the medial and lateral plantar artery, posterior to the artery passes through the ankle canal） of 60 sides posterior tibial artery were recorded. Three groups were divided in- to by age： the youth group （below 30 year, n = 16） , the middle -aged group （30-50 year, n = 26） , the old age group （ more than 50 year, n = 18） . A comparison of sex, age and side was made and PEMS3.0 was applied for statistical anal- ysis. Results The outside diameter of middle point of the posterior tibial artery was （ 2. 74±0. 51 ） ram, the inside di- ameter was （ 1.29 ±0. 47） ram, and the thickness of the vessel wall was （0. 62±0. 18） mm. The difference of the data of the three groups were statistically significant compared with proximal and distant segment. While there was no significant deviation of these data in outside diameter, inside diameter and the thickness of the vessel of the proximal, the middle and the distant posterior tibial artery of different sides. The thickness of the vessel wall of men was more thick than that of women. The outside diameter and the thickness of the vessel wall of the old group was larger than that of the youth and mid- dle - aged group. Conclusion This paper provided related information, the comparison and analysis of anatomical data of the posterior tibial artery, which could also provide referential basis for the clinical application of puncture and catheteriza- tion of the posterior tibial artery.

关 键 词：胫后动脉 内径 外径 管壁厚度 胫后动脉置管 

分 类 号：R322.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]