低氰含量高丹草新品系主要农艺特性及染色体构型分析  

Analysis of agronomic characteristics and chromosome configuration of new strains of sorghum-sudangrass of low hydrocyanic acid content

作　　者：房永雨[1] 于肖夏[1] 于卓[1] 马艳红[1] 李晓宇[1] 李造哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《草业学报》2012年第2期162-170,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目"中国西部牧草;乡土草遗传有及选育的基础研究"(2007CB108903);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30960262);内蒙古自然科学基金重大项目(200711020301);内蒙古农业综合开发办项目(2010-97)资助

摘　　要：为明确4个高丹草新品系SLCN-11、SLCN-12、SLCN-13、SLCN-14的生育特性、生产性能、营养价值和细胞遗传学特征,对其生长速度、育性、光合性能、鲜草及种子产量、氢氰酸含量、营养成分等主要农艺特性及染色体构型进行了分析。4个新品系生长速度快,植株高大,分蘖能力强,生育期130～138d,穗型呈双亲中间型,花粉可育率高达96%以上,自然结实率为72.11%～73.34%,PMC MⅠ染色体配对行为规则(2n=2x=20=10Ⅱ)。新品系的光合能力均较强,鲜草产量和种子产量均较高,以SLCN-11的增幅最大。新品系的氢氰酸含量均很低,株高约100cm时鲜草氢氰酸含量仅为5.80～10.43mg/kg,青刈饲喂安全。新品系的茎叶比均较小,营养价值高,拔节期粗蛋白质含量为14.67%～16.31%,粗纤维含量为24.31%～24.72%,并富含粗脂肪、无氮浸出物、钙、磷及各种氨基酸等营养成分。In order to investigate the growth characteristics, production performance, nutritional value and cy- togenetic characteristics of the four new strains of sorghum--sudangrass SLCN-11, SLCN-12, SLCN-13, SL- CN-14, the main agronomic characteristics and chromosome configuration, such as the growth rate, fertility, photosynthetic performance, fresh and seed yields, hydrocyanic acid content, nutrients and so on, were ana- lyzed. The four new strains grew fast and were tall, tillering ability was strong, the growth period was 130-- 138 d, the ear type was in middle of their parents, pollen fertility rate was above 96~, seed setting rate was 72. 11^--73.34~, The chromosome pairing behavior at PMC M I was regular （2n=2x=20=10 II ）. The four new strains had stronger photosynthetic capacity. Their fresh and seed yields were high. The fresh and seed yields of strain SLCN-11 were the highest. The hydrocyanic acid content of the four new strains were low, the hydrocyanic acid content in fresh sorghum--sudangrass was only 5.80--10.43 mg/kg when the plant height was about 100 cm, which was safe for feeding animals. The ratio of stem to leave was low and the nutritional value was high. At the j ointing stage, the crude protein content of four new strains was 14.67%- 16.31%, the crude fiber content was 24.31%- 24.72%, and was rich in crude fat, nitrogen free extract, calcium, phos- phorus and amino acids.

关 键 词：高丹草 低氰含量 新品系 农艺特性 染色体构型 

分 类 号：S544.1[农业科学—作物学]