热酸浸出锌浸渣中镓锗的研究  

Extracting Gallium and Germanium from Zinc-leaching Residues by Hot-acid Leaching Process

作　　者：马喜红[1] 覃文庆[1] 吴雪兰[1] 任浏祎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2012年第2期71-75,79,共6页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2010CB630905)

摘　　要：研究了锌浸渣热酸浸出过程的工艺条件,分析了浸出热力学和动力学机理,并用于指导回收稀有金属镓和锗。实验结果表明,锌浸渣中镓和锗浸出的最佳工艺条件为:硫酸初始质量浓度为188 g/L,反应温度为95℃,反应时间为3 h,液固比为5∶1,搅拌速度为300 r/min,该条件下多组综合实验的酸浸出液中Ga和Ge的浸出率均高于86%和62%。锌浸渣中金属镓锗的浸出过程在动力学上属于"未反应核减缩"模型,浸出过程主要受反应温度、始酸浓度、反应时间的影响,反应由界面化学反应控制。Extraction of gallium and germanium from zinc leaching residue was carried out by hot-acid leaching.The effects of leaching agent（sulfuric acid）,leaching temperature,leaching time,L/S ratio and agitation speed on the leaching rate of Ga and Ge were examined,while the thermodynamics and dynamic mechanism for the leaching were also analyzed.Results showed that the optimal leaching conditions were as follows： the initial mass concentration of sulfuric acid was 188 g/L,leaching temperature was 95 ℃,leaching time was 3 h,L/S ratio was 5∶1,and agitation speed was 300 r/min.Under these conditions,the leaching rates of Ga and Ge in acid leaching solution from multi-group comprehensive tests were averagely above 86% and 62%,respectively.Furthermore,the leaching process of Ga and Ge follows the kinetic law of ＂shrinking of unreacted core＂,mainly influenced by leaching temperature,concentration of sulfuric acid and leaching time,also being controlled by interface chemical reaction.

关 键 词：锌浸渣 热酸浸出 镓 锗 未反应核减缩模型 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]