全国道路交通事故伤流行病学——1998年回顾  

Epidemiology of road traffic trauma in China——retrospect in 1998

作　　者：王正国[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学附属大坪医院野战外科研究所,解放军交通医学研究所,重庆400042

出　　处：《中华创伤杂志》2000年第5期308-312,共5页Chinese Journal of Trauma

摘　　要：目的　对 1998年全国道路交通事故伤的流行病学资料进行收集和分析 ,并与 1997年和近几年的有关数据比较 ,探讨全国道路交通事故伤的发展趋势。　方法　以国家公安部交通管理局历年发布的资料为依据 ,结合其他来源的资料 ,进行整理、分析和比较。　结果　 (1) 1998年道路交通事故、死和伤分别为 346 12 9起 ,780 6 7和 2 2 2 72 1人 ,较 1997年增加 13.78%、5 .6 9%和17.14% ,是近年来增幅较大的一年。 (2 )事故原因中 ,人的因素占 92 .77% (其中机动车驾驶员占84.2 5 % ) ,机械因素占 4.12 % ,道路因素占 0 .12 %。 (3)行人死、伤分别占 2 6 .10 %和 13.0 8% ,骑自行车人分别占 17.35 %和 13 .2 5 % ,摩托车手分别占 15 .35 %和 19.17% ,这些都属于主要的伤亡人群。 (4 )死亡人员中 ,10岁以下占 6 .0 8% ,6 5岁以上占 7.84% ,这些是应当特别关注的人群。 (5 )混合车道事故数和伤亡人数分别占 5 5 .87%和 6 7.2 3% ,这是今后治理的重点。　结论　全国道路交通事故数和伤亡数不断增高 ,主要原因之一是交通管理不善和执法不严。如能加强管理、严格执法 。Objective The epidemiologic data of road traffic trauma (RTT) in China were collected, analysed and compared with those in 1997. Methods The data were gathered from the Traffic Administration Bureau and literature, then analysed and discussed. Results (1) The amounts of road traffic accidents (RTA), deaths and the injuried were 346 129, 78 067 and 222 721, respectively. In comparison with those in 1997, it increased by 13.78%, 5.69%and 17.14%, respectively, and much more significantly than before. (2) Among the causes of RTA human factor accounted for 92.77% (motor vehicle drivers 84.25%), mechanical: 4.12%, road: 0.12%. (3) Talking about deaths and the injuried, pedestrians accounted for 26.10% and 13.08%, bicyclists 17.35% and 13.25%, motorcyclists 15.35% and 19.17%. (4) As for deaths: < 10 years old 6.08%; ≥ 65 years old 7.84%. The safety of these people should be more paid attention to. (5) The amount of RTA and deaths in mixed roads accounted for 55.87% and 67.23%. This is one of the focuses for comprehensive treatment of RTA and RTT. Conclusions RTA and RTT have continuously increased recently. One of the main reasons is lack of good traffic administration and strict enforcement of traffic regulation. If it can be strengthened in this respect, the traffic safety will be greatly improved.

关 键 词：交通伤事故 创伤 流行病学 中国 

分 类 号：R181.39[医药卫生—流行病学]