豆科、禾本科两种牧草异行混播草地当年建植效果的研究  

Study on the Planting Effect of the Mixed Grassland with Two Kinds of Leguminous and Gramineous Forages under the Different Sowing Patterns

作　　者：张鲜花[1] 朱进忠[1] 穆肖芸[1] 加娜尔古丽.穆沙 古伟蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2012年第4期765-770,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项"牧区优质高效饲草生产利用技术研究示范"(201003023)

摘　　要：【目的】通过不同混播比例、不同播种方式建植混播草地的研究,探索自然降水在500 mm以上的雨养地区,建植优质、高产、稳定与中长利用年限混播人工草地的技术途径。【方法】试验设鸭茅(Dactylisglomerata)与红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia)、无芒雀麦(Broumis inermis)与红豆草混播,混播比例为5∶5、4∶6、6∶4三种处理,各处理以1∶1行;2∶2行;3∶3行异行种植;在豆科牧草花期与禾本科牧草抽穗期,测定草地群落各种群组分的密度、高度与产草量,比较分析各处理的草地经济性状表现。【结果】在不同种植方式的处理中,1∶1行的种植方式,各项经济性状指标均优于其它种植方式;在不同混播比例处理中,红豆草与鸭茅混播,以6∶4混播比例的草群产量最高,在1∶1行处理中,平均可产干草1 276.8 g/m2;红豆草与无芒雀麦混播,6∶4与5∶5混播比例的草群产量最高,在1∶1行处理中,平均可产干草1 194.95和1 242.3 g/m2。【结论】试验区草地在建植的当年就表现出良好的长势与较高的生产性能,尤其是豆科牧草的产量大幅度增加,可极大地提升草地的质量。【Objective】 The technical way of planting high quality and high yield,stability and long-term use of mixed artificial grassland were researched based on the different seeding rates and different sowing ways in the area with rainfall of above 500 mm.【Method】 The experiment design set the mixture patterns that were Dactylis glomerata ＋ Onobrychis viciaefolia and Bromus inermis ＋ Onobrychis viciaefolia at the mixed sowing ratio of 5∶5,4∶6 and 6∶4 three kinds of treatments and the treatment with 1∶1,2∶2 and 3∶3 lines of different planting;when flowering and heading,the density,height and forage yield of community various group were studied and the economic characters were contrasted.【Result】The results showed that： various economic indexes are better than other planting patterns and at 1∶1 line,the forage yield of mixed 6∶4 were higher than other mixed ones and the average yield could reach 1 276.8 g/m2 in Dactylis glomerata ＋ Onobrychis viciaefolia and the forage yield of the ratios 6∶4 and 5∶5 were higher than other mixed sowing rate at 1∶1 line,the average yield of which could reach 1 194.95 and 1 242.3 g/m2 in Bromus inermis ＋ Onobrychis viciaefolia.【Conclusion】 Good growth vigor and high performance were showed,among which,the increases of legumes yield can greatly enhance the quality of grassland in planting year at the research site.

关 键 词：豆科 禾本科 种植方式 混播比例 草地经济性状 

分 类 号：S812.4[农业科学—草业科学]