二硫化碳对作业女工妊娠影响的前瞻性研究  

A prospective study of the effect of carbon disulphide on pregnancy in female workers

作　　者：王志萍[1] 韩连堂[1] 李佩贤[1] 侯光萍[2] 张呈祥 杜继胜 邱玉刚[1] 王崇伟 任永清[2] 洪舜华[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院卫生学教研室,261042 [2]潍坊市人民医院 [3]潍坊化纤厂职工医院

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2000年第2期68-71,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的　进一步探讨二硫化碳 (CS2 )对生殖机能的损伤作用。方法　应用前瞻性流行病学研究方法 ,追踪观察待孕作业女工的受孕时间和确诊妊娠女工的妊娠经过和妊娠结局 ;监测研究现场CS2 浓度。结果　 (1) 2 5 7名接触组女工各月经周期妊娠率均明显低于 36 6名对照组女工 ;且受孕时间随其接触CS2 浓度的增高 (r=0 .1198,P =0 .0 2 4)及接触时间的增加 (r=0 .2 799,P <0 .0 0 1)而延长 ;(2 )接触组女工自然流产率 (8.5 5 % )、死胎率 (1.2 8% )、新生儿死亡率 (1.46 % )、出生缺陷率(0 .97% )、早产率 (3.42 % )、过期产率 (2 .5 6 % )和足月产率 (80 .0 5 % ) ,与对照组比较 ,均无明显差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;(3)新生儿体重、低出生体重发生率和性比两组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;(4)接触组女工各种妊娠并发症的发生率与对照组比较 ,均无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　 (1) 8.6 7mg/m3 CS2 平均接触 4.98a ,虽然使妊娠所需时间延长 ,但对妊娠结局、妊娠并发症及新生儿体重、低出生体重发生率和性比等均未见明显影响 ;(2 )妊娠时间可作为生殖损伤的筛选指标 ,提示毒物的早期胚胎损伤作用。Objective To further study the effect of CS 2 on the damage of reproduction.Methods Time to pregnancy of each subject who wanted to have a baby,pregnant outcomes and complications when pregnancy was identified, were followed up in women occupationally exposed to CS 2 or in control group by prospective study;CS 2 level in the field was monitored.Results (1)The rate of pregnancy in each menstrual cycle was significantly lowered in 257 exposed workers than that of 366 unexposed women.The time to pregnancy was prolonged as CS 2 level and exposure time increased( r =0.119 8, P =0.024; r =0.279 9, P <0.001 respectively).(2)Spontaneous abortion(8.55%),fetal death(1.28%),newborn mortality(1.46%),brith defects(0.97%),premature delivery(3.42%),postmature delivery(2.56%),and mature delivery(80.05%) in exposed group were not significantly different from those in control.(3)Sex ratios of newborn and the rates of lower birth weight in two groups were not significantly different too.(4)There were no significant differences of pregnant complications between two groups.Conclusions (1)The average CS 2 level of 8.67% mg/m 3 and exposure time of 4.98 years may prolong the time to pregnancy,but the pregnant outcomes and complications were not different between two groups.(2)The time to pregnancy may be a more sensitive and practicable screen indicators for reproductive damage.

关 键 词：生殖损伤 妊娠结局 自然流产 二硫化碳 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]