枣球蜡蚧生物学特性研究  

Study on Biological Characteristics of Eulecanium gigantean

作　　者：陈阿兰[1] 勾日措[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《北方园艺》2012年第9期151-153,共3页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：青海大学高层次人才基金资助项目(QD-N-06-08)

摘　　要：于2010～2011年对西宁地区枣球蜡蚧的生物学特性进行了调查,并在室内自然变温条件下,对枣球蜡蚧卵的发育起点温度和有效积温进行了测定。结果表明:枣球蜡蚧在西宁地区1a发生2代,以2龄若虫聚集在榆树枝条及其分叉处越冬越冬。翌年4月中旬越冬若虫开始取食为害,5月上旬2龄若虫蜕皮成为雌成虫,5月下旬第1代雌虫开始产卵,每雌虫产卵量586～1 100粒,平均产卵827粒。6月中旬卵开始孵化,卵期为30d,卵的孵化率为100%。若虫主要在6月下旬至8月为害。9月中旬第2代雌虫开始产卵,每雌虫产卵量250～620粒,平均473粒。第2代若虫在10月至11月上旬为害。卵发育起点温度7.39℃;有效积温266.53日.度;预测式为:N=(266.53±23.24)/T-(7.39±0.87)。Harm of Eulecanium gigantean on elm and the biological characteristics in 2010~2011 in Xining were surveyed,development starting point temperature and effective accumulative temperature were determined under indoors natural variable temperature conditions.The results showed that Eulecanium gigantean occurs two generations per year in Xining.Its second instar nymphs overwinter gathered on branches of elms.The overwintering nymphs begins to damage by feeding in the mid April of next year.The 2nd instar nymphs developed into female adults in early May.The first generation female adults started to lay eggs in late May.The fecundity was from 586 to 1 100 eggs per female with the average of 827 eggs.Eggs begin to hatch in the mid June,the egg stage was 30 days and the hatching rates of egg was 100%.The nymphs damage mainly in late June to August.The second generation female adults started to lay eggs in the mid September.The fecundity was from 250 to 620 eggs per female with the average of 473 eggs.The second generation of nymphs damage from October to early November.The developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature for egg were determined under natural temperature in lab.The results showed that the threshold temperature was 7.39℃ and the effective accumulated temperature was 266.53 degree-day.The predicting equation for the rate of development was N=（266.53±23.24）/T-（7.39±0.87）.

关 键 词：枣球蜡蚧 生物学特性 卵发育起点温度 有效积温 

分 类 号：S763.49[农业科学—森林保护学]