小型乘用车内直链烃和芳香烃污染特征研究  

Pollution of Straight-chain and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Small Passenger Cars

作　　者：肖艳红[1,2] 张卫东[2] 赵琦[2] 邹钱秀[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学化学化工学院,重庆400715 [2]重庆市环境科学研究院,重庆401147 [3]重庆大学,重庆400045

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2012年第5期56-59,共4页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：重庆市科技攻关计划项目(CSTC;2009AB7209)

摘　　要：文章依托美国EPA TO-15建立的罐采样-GC/MS测定环境空气中挥发性有机物（VOCs）的方法,对重庆市在售的国产/进口各类小型乘用车内空气VOCs进行测定。分析结果表明,车内空气均存在不同程度的污染,TVOC浓度范围在0.20~50.80 mg/m3之间,均值为5.42mg/m3,约75%新车TVOC浓度大于5 mg/m3。检测出烷烃和烯烃等直链烃15种,芳香烃13种,并且芳香烃浓度明显高于烷烃和烯烃。在直链烃中,四氯乙烯及二氯甲烷的浓度最高,均值为0.235 mg/m3和0.208 mg/m3,芳香烃以甲苯居多,均值为0.58 mg/m3。80%以上的新车含有二氯甲烷、二氯乙烯、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯及苯乙烯等污染物。A variety of small passenger cars being on sale in Chongqing City,both domestic and imported,were examined,which included sampling and analyzing VOCs inside the cars using method based on Method TO-15 of the US EPA.In evidence,VOCs were detected for all the cars according to the checking which indicated air pollution for most of the cars exceeded the limit of the relevant national standard in terms of concentration of TVOC.Volatile organic compounds detected included 15 kinds of straight-chain hydrocarbons and 13 kinds of aromatics,while concentration of aromatics was much higher than that of straight chain hydrocarbons.Toluene was a major pollutant of aromatics,with its concentration 0.58 mg/m3 on average.Air pollutants found in 80% of the new cars were VOCs such as dichloromethane,ethylene dichloride,benzene,toluene,xylene and styrene.

关 键 词：小型乘用车 VOCS 直链烃 芳香烃 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]