三种养殖模式下日本鳗鲡养成品的形质差异  

Morphological and quality difference of adult Anguilla japonica under three aquaculture models

作　　者：王志铮[1] 杨磊[1] 朱卫东 

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋学院水产学院,浙江舟山316004 [2]余姚市水产技术推广中心,浙江余姚315400

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第5期1385-1392,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项农业项目(2008C12083)资助

摘　　要：随机选取池塘专养(M1)、日本沼虾套养(M2)以及水库放养(M3)3种养殖模式下培育的肛长为(25.91±3.26)cm的日本鳗鲡作为研究材料,比较了不同养殖模式下日本鳗鲡的形质指标,并采用聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析等方法研究了3种养殖模式日本鳗鲡养成品的差异.结果表明:在所涉21项生物学指标和23项形质评价指数中,M1与M2之间具显著差异的分别为15项和14项,M1与M3之间具显著差异的分别为19项和18项,M2与M3之间具显著差异的分别为11项和8项;M1-M2、M1-M3、M2-M3之间的欧氏距离依次为1.433、3.516和2.167,均具显著差异;经主成分分析,提取到的5个特征值均大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达82.1%,其中第1主成分和第2主成分依次为与体型相关的肥瘦因子和与摄食行为相关的运动因子,后3个主成分为与营养状况有关的消化吸收因子,仅通过第1主成分便可较清晰地将3种养殖模式试验对象分开;采用逐步判别法,以判别贡献率较大的体宽/肛长、体长/肛长、净体积系数、鳔体积系数和肝系数为自变量,所建Fisher分类函数方程组可清晰区分3种模式的养殖群体,其判别准确率和综合判别准确率均为100%.Anguilla japonica adults with a snout-vent length of （ 25.91 ＋3.26 ） cm were randomly sampled from the ponds of monoculture A. japonica （ M1 ） and polycuhure A. japonica and Macro- brachium nipponense （ M2 ） and the proliferation site in reservoir （ M3 ） to compare the morphological and quality indices of the adults under the three aquaculture models. Discriminant analysis, cluster analysis, and factor analysis were applied to reveal the differences among the individuals of these three cultured populations. Among the test 21 biological traits and 23 morphological and quality in- dices, there were significant differences in 15 biological traits and 14 morphological and quality in- dices between M1 and M2, 19 and 18 between M1 and M3, and 11 and 8 between M2 and M3, re- spectively. The Euclidean distance between M1 and M2, M1 and M3, and M2 and M3 was l. 433, 3. 516, and 2. 167, respectively, and the differences were significant. The accumulative variance percentage of the first five principal components was 82.1%, and the eigenvalues of these compo- nents were all larger than 1. The principal components 1 and 2 could be regarded as fatness factor and movement factor, the other three principal components could be regarded as well-being factor, and the three populations could be clearly separated each other by principal component 1. In discrim- inant analysis, the five principal components, i. e. , body width / anal length, body length / anal length, net volume coefficient, swim bladder coefficient, and liver coefficient, were served as inde- pendent variables to establish discriminant functions of the populations, which could clearly distin- guish the populations, with the discriminant accuracy and synthetic discriminant accuracy being 100%.

关 键 词：日本鳗鲡 养殖模式 形质特征 多元分析 

分 类 号：S965.223[农业科学—水产养殖]