盐碱地改良技术综述与一种新的研究模式展望  

REVIEW OF SALINE-ALKALI LAND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES IN CHINA AND PROSPECTS OF A NEW APPROACH

作　　者：周和平[1] 徐小波[1] 王少丽[2] 管孝艳[2] 韩松俊[2] 李冰 刘超峰 

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区水利厅,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100080 [3]新疆巴州水管处重点灌溉试验站,库尔勒841000

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2012年第3期157-162,共6页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51079162);水利部948项目(201119)资助

摘　　要：我国是一个农业人口大国,耕地和粮食的质量安全及稳定生产,在国民经济发展中具有非常重要的地位。体现农业综合生产能力的重要标志是耕地资源质量问题,其中对盐碱化土壤等中、低产改造利用是一项重要的基础工程,为此我国在农田盐碱地改良利用治理和研究诸多方面付出了不懈的努力,并取得了显著的成效。本文根源于我国盐碱地改良整治技术的发展,对传统的水利改良技术、后起的土壤生物化学改良技术、现代节水灌溉农田水盐调控技术研究内容和效果等进行了综述分析。随着我国多形式节水灌溉技术研究应用和推广,以适应新的灌溉条件下土壤水盐管理利用的新技术理论和方法也在不断呈现,如"土壤水盐定向迁移"和农田土壤"盐分上移地表排"即为近年来我国水利科技人员,创新提出并研究的土壤水盐改良利用新技术理论和解决模式,本文对这一新的技术理论和灌排模式研究内容进行了介绍,并提出展望。China is a large agricultural nation. The cultivated land,grain quality safety and stability of production play a very important position in national economic development. The quality of cultivated land resource is an important indicator to reflect the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, in which the improvement of medium-low yield saline-alkali soil is the basis project, thus the country have made unremitting efforts and achieved remarkable results in saline-alkali soil improvement and utilization study. This article summarizes the research contents and impacts on water improvement of traditional technologies, improved technology of soil biochemistry, modern control techniques of water-saving irrigation water and salt. With the application and promotion of water saving irrigation technology research, new technology theory and method which is suitable for soil water salt management under new irrigation conditions are also constantly emerging, such as ＂soil water salt directed migration＂ and ＂salt upward moved and surface dis charge＂ are the technological innovation and solution mode of soil water salt improved proposed by China＇s researchers in recent years. This article introduces and prospects this new technology theory and irrigation mode.

关 键 词：盐碱化耕地 土壤水盐 改良技术 定向迁移 地表排盐 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]