医学院校大学生父母教养方式、自我效能和应对方式之间的关系  

Relationship among Parenting Pattern,Self-efficacy and Coping Style of Medical College Students

作　　者：梁九清[1] 武成莉[2] 薛朝霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理系 [2]西安电子科技大学思想政治教研室 [3]山西医科大学人文学院医学心理学教研室

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2012年第4期572-574,共3页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的了解大学生父母教养方式、自我效能和应对方式之间的关系。方法采用整群随机抽样对山西医科大学551名大学生进行简式父母教养方式、一般自我效能感和应对方式问卷调查。结果①相关分析发现父母亲情感温暖、自我效能感和成熟型应对方式显著正相关(P<0.01);父母亲拒绝、过度保护的教养方式和不成熟型、混合型应对方式显著正相关(P<0.01),父亲情感温暖、自我效能和不成熟型应对方式显著负相关(P<0.01);②回归分析发现父亲情感温暖对成熟型应对方式有正向预期作用(β=0.149,t=3.694,P<0.001);母亲过度保护、父母拒绝对不成熟型应对方式有正向预期作用(β=0.156,t=3.550,P<0.001;β=0.162,t=3.823,P<0.001;β=0.115,t=2.533,P<0.05);自我效能对成熟型应对方式有正向预期作用(β=0.317,t=7.841,P<0.001),而对不成熟型应对方式有负向预期作用(β=-0.227,t=-5.792,P<0.001);母亲拒绝、父亲过度保护对混合型应对方式有正向预期作用(β=0.139,t=3.247,P<0.01;β=0.112,t=2.608,P<0.01);③进一步的路径分析显示父亲情感温暖可以直接影响成熟型、非成熟型应对方式,也可以通过自我效能为中介影响成熟型、非成熟型应对方式;母亲情感温暖通过自我效能间接影响成熟型应对方式。结论大学生父母教养方式、自我效能和应对方式之间关系密切,提倡情感温暖型的父母教养方式、提高学生的自我效能可以对学生成熟的应对方式产生积极的影响。Objective To explore the relationship among parenting pattern,self-efficacy and coping style of medical college students.Methods A total of 551 college students who came from Shanxi Medical University were investigated with short-form Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran（s-EMBU）,General Self-Efficacy Scale（GSES）and Coping Style Questionnaire（CSQ）.Results ①Parents＇emotional warmth and self-efficacy were positively related to mature coping style（P0.01）.Parents＇ rejection and over protection were positively related to immature coping and mixed coping（P0.01）.Father＇s emotional warmth and self-efficacy were negatively related to immature coping style（P0.01）.②Father＇s emotional warmth was a significantly positive predicator of mature coping style（β=0.149,t=3.694,P0.001）.mother＇s protection and parents＇rejection were significantly positive predicators of immature coping（β=0.156,t=3.550,P0.001;β=0.162,t=3.823,P0.001;β=0.115,t=2.533,P0.05）.Self-efficacy was a significantly positive predicator of mature coping and negative predicator of immature coping（β=0.317,t=7.841,P0.001）;（β=-0.227,t=-5.792,P0.001）.Mother＇s rejection and parents＇ protection were significantly positive predicators of mixed coping（β=0.139,t=3.247,P0.01;β=0.112,t=2.608,P0.01）.③Father＇s emotional warmth had direct influence on mature coping and immature coping.At the same time,it had indirect influence on them by self-efficacy.Mother＇s emotional warmth had indirect influence on mature coping by self-efficacy.Conclusion There are close relationships among parenting pattern,self-efficacy and coping style of college students.In order to promote college students to adopt mature coping to face problems,they should be cultivated with a parenting pattern of emotional warmth and their self-efficacy should be improved.

关 键 词：大学生 父母教养方式 自我效能 应对方式 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]