沛沿河流域土壤肥料释放的降雨模拟研究  

Release of soil fertilizers under simulated rainfall in Peiyan River basin

作　　者：王晓[1] 郦汇源[1] 庞宗强[1] 李苗[1] 李文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学江苏省资源环境信息工程重点实验室,徐州221116

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2012年第5期1682-1686,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：2009年国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(091029025);2009年徐州市社会发展项目(XJ09081)

摘　　要：为有效控制农业面源污染,改善沛沿河流域水质状况,通过对水稻田、杨树林和果园的土壤分别施用不同类型化肥后,模拟研究了土壤在受雨水短期浸泡及连续降雨情况下氮、磷的释放特征。研究结果表明,稻田土壤对氮磷的保肥能力最佳,施肥时应以基肥为主;果园土壤及林地土壤的保肥能力均劣于稻田土壤,应采用少量多次追肥的方法。尿素与碳铵宜做基肥使用,而氯化铵与硫酸铵宜做追肥使用。In order to control the agricultural non-point source pollution and to improve the water quality of Peiyan River effectively,release of soil N,P applied with different fertilizers was studied under simulated rainfall conditions.The soils were immersed for a short time（7 d） under conditions（1） without changing water to simulate static rainwater immersion and（2） changing water every day to simulate continuous rainfall.The results showed that the nutrient preserving capability of paddy field was the best,therefore paddy field should be fertilized with base fertilizer;those of orchard soil and forestland were inferior to that of paddy field,therefore the fertilization method of multiple top dressings with small amount should be adopted.Ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride should be used as top dressing,while urea,ammonium carbonate should be used as base fertilizer.

关 键 词：沛沿河 施肥 氮磷释放 基肥 追肥 

分 类 号：X501[环境科学与工程—环境工程]