明代中期广西“狼兵”、“狼人”的历史考察  

The Historical Analysis of "Lang Soldiers" and "Lang People" of Guangxi in the Mid-Ming Dynasty

作　　者：唐晓涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学民族学与社会学学院

出　　处：《民族研究》2012年第3期81-92,110,共12页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"民间信仰与地域社会转型:太平天国历史根源的社会史考察"(批准号:08XZS009)的前期研究成果;广东省优秀博士论文资助项目"会党组织与地域社会:以广西浔郁地区为中心"(编号:sybzzxm201006)的资助

摘　　要：本文从明中期桂西土兵东进大藤峡地区建立武靖州的进程去考察"狼兵"、"狼人"之称出现的历史过程,认为正是由于桂西土司独特的内部组织、明中期大藤峡地区的动乱,以及官府对桂西土兵的定位及使用策略,在土兵与大藤峡地区的"民"和"猺獞"的政治经济关系中,"狼"由桂西土著山民而成为军事组织的类目、社会身份的标签,并逐渐成为一种族称。"狼兵"或"狼人"的出现,实际上是明代中期广西地方动乱、土司势力和王朝户籍赋役制度三者错综复杂关系的缩影。This article focused on the process how the identity of 'Lang soldiers' and 'Lang people' was built by the native troops' entering from west Guangxi into the Datengxia region and setting up the Wujing county.Affected by the Chieftain social organization of west Guangxi,the turmoil in the Datengxia region,the tactics of government,and the economic and political relationships between the native troops and 'Yaozhuang people',the identity of 'Lang' stood not only for the social identity and the military organization,but also for a race.In fact,the appearance 'Lang soldiers' and 'Lang people' was the aftermath of the common actions of the turmoil in Guangxi,the political influence of the Chieftain,as well as the empire's household,tax,and corvee systems in the Mid-Ming dynasty.

关 键 词：明代 广西 土司 狼兵 狼人 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]