不同蓄水位下水体-土壤循环压盐数值模拟研究  

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SALT SUPPRESSION IN WATER-SOIL CYCLING AFFECTED BY STORAGE WATER LEVEL

作　　者：孙博[1] 解建仓[1] 汪妮[1] 李春娇[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710048 [2]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《土壤学报》2012年第3期437-444,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51079120;51109177);陕西省教育厅省级重点实验室项目(2010JS077);公益性行业科研专项(201001011)资助

摘　　要："改排为蓄"是盐碱地治理方法的重大创新,为揭示不同蓄水位条件下蓄水沟水体与相邻土壤之间动态循环压盐的机理,自制实验装置模拟水体与土壤之间盐分运移实验,通过对蓄水水位高低的循环变化,研究不同土层盐分的运移规律。结果表明:蓄水水位的循环变化对土壤盐分迁移起着至关重要的作用,当蓄水位70 cm→40 cm→20 cm的循环变化时,表层0～65 cm土壤的盐分逐渐扩散至水体,盐分再由水体中逐渐向底层65～100 cm土壤迁移,改变盐分在垂直方向的分布,逐渐向下压盐。针对研究对象,建立盐分运移数学模型,采用Hydrus-2D软件进行数值模拟,经分析比较,不同土层盐分运移数值模拟结果与实验结果数值基本一致,模拟效果较好。因此,不同蓄水位下,水体-土壤间循环压盐机理是成立的,"改排为蓄"治理模式是可行的,可以达到盐碱地改良的效果。＂Change drainage to impoundment＂ is a significant innovation in saline land management.To expose mechanism of salt suppression by water cycling between the waterbody in the ditch different in impounded level and the soil of the neighboring ridges,a home-made apparatus was used to simulate salt movement between waterdody and soil for the study of laws of salt movement in the soil profile.It was found that regular changes in water level was an important factor driving salt movement in the soil.With the water level lowering from 70 cm to 40 cm and further to 20 cm,soil salt gradually dissipated from the 0~65 cm soil layer into the waterbody,and then back into the 65~100 cm soil layer,thus changing the soil salt in vertical distribution and suppressing the salt downwards in the profile.For the study,a mathematical model for simulation of salt movement in the soil using the Hydrus-2D software.Analysis and comparison demonstrated that the simulation was basically consistent with the experiment in result,land the model worked well in simulation.Therefore,the mechanism of salt suppression by cycling water between the waterbody and the soil along with changes in water level is solid,and the model of ＂changing drainage into impoundment＂ for management of soil salt is workable for amelioration of salt-affected soils.

关 键 词：水体-土壤 蓄水水位 盐分运移 循环压盐 盐土脱盐 数值模拟 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]