大草蛉预蛹耐寒性的季节性变化  

Seasonal Changes in the Cold Hardiness of Chrysopa pallens(Rambur) Prepupa

作　　者：于令媛[1] 时爱菊[1] 郑方强[1] 卢虹[1] 张帆[2] 许永玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018 [2]北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2012年第9期1723-1730,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(Y2008D08);国家"973"计划项目(2009CB119206);山东省利用全球环境基金赠款科研项目(TF090802)

摘　　要：【目的】了解大草蛉自然种群预蛹耐寒性的季节性变化及机制。【方法】测定大草蛉自然种群预蛹的蛹重、过冷却点(SCP)和结冰点(FP)、体内含水量、脂肪含量、蛋白质和可溶性糖含量等耐寒性指标。【结果】大草蛉预蛹的SCP和FP在2010年1月(越冬中期)达到最低值为-17.53和-7.14℃,在2010年7月(生长期)达到最高值为-8.21和-3.65℃;2009年9、10月(越冬前期)的SCP和FP均低于2010年4、5月(越冬后期),SCP和FP值在2009年9月至2010年7月间呈先减后增的趋势。体内水分、蛋白质和可溶性糖含量变化与SCP的变化相似,也呈先减后增的趋势,而脂肪含量在越冬初期即达到最高,为46.81%,越冬期间逐渐减少,但仍高于其它时期,2010年7月(生长期)降到最低,为31.07%。【结论】大草蛉预蛹的耐寒性呈现出明显的季节性变化特点,越冬预蛹的耐寒性显著高于夏季和越冬后预蛹,自然种群预蛹耐寒能力的变化规律与预蛹体内的水分和主要生化物质的含量变化具有相关性。[ Objective ] The objective of this study is to understand the seasonal changes of cold hardiness of Chrysopa pallens （Rambur） prepupa in the natural conditions. [Method] The wet weight, supercooling point （SCP） and freezing point （FP）, the contents of water, fat, sugar and protein in the prepupa body were determined in different times. [ Result] The SCP and FP of Ch. pallens prepupa were the lowest in January 2010 （mid-winter period）, -17.53 and -7.14~C, respectively, and the highest in July, -8.21 and -3.65~C, respectively. The SCP and FP of prepupa in September and October of 2009 （pre-winter period） were not significantly lower than that in July of 2010 （growth period） and lower than that in April and May of 2010 （post-winter periods）. The change patterns of the contents of the water, sugar and protein in the prepupa were similar as that of SCP with decreasing first and increasing later from September 2009 to July 2010, but the changes of content of fat were on the contrary, with higher fat content during winter and lower in other seasons. The highest fat content in prepupa was 46.81% in November 2009 （pre-winter period） and the lowest was 31.07% in July 2010 （growth period）. [ Conclusion ] The cold hardiness of Ch. pallens prepupa varied obviously with seasonal changes, and pre- and mid-winter prepupa had higher cold tolerance than those in the summer and post-winter. The results suggest that the cold hardiness of the prepupa may be related to the contents of water and some biochemical substances in the prepupa body in the natural conditions.

关 键 词：大草蛉 预蛹 耐寒性 季节性变化 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]