南京3类不同大气污染过程下气溶胶水溶性无机离子的特征研究  

Characteristics of Aerosol Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions in Three Types Air-Pollution Incidents of Nanjing City

作　　者：张秋晨[1,2] 朱彬[1,2] 苏继峰[1,2] 王红磊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京210044

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第6期1944-1951,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030962);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2009CB426313);教育部博士点基金项目(20093228110003);江苏省优势学科建设工程项目

摘　　要：为了探讨不同大气污染过程下气溶胶中水溶性离子组分的差异,分析比较了2009年10月16～30日持续污染、2010年4月27～30日沙尘污染、2010年6月14日秸秆焚烧污染这3次污染过程中气溶胶(PM10、PM2.1和PM1.1)及主要水溶性离子(NH4+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Na+、K+、NO2-、F-、NO3-、Cl-、SO24-)质量浓度及其谱分布.结果发现,3次污染过程中气溶胶污染严重,PM2.1/PM10比值有明显区别,其中沙尘污染过程最低,平均值仅为0.27;秸秆焚烧过程最高,为0.7.持续污染过程中NO3-和SO24-浓度较高,总阴离子质量浓度占PM10、PM2.1和PM1.1的18.62%、32.92%和33.53%.沙尘污染过程使气溶胶中的不溶物增加,总水溶性离子组分减少,仅占PM10、PM2.1和PM1.1的13.36%、23.72%和28.54%,而Ca2+质量浓度高于其他时期,且主要分布在>1μm粒径段上.秸秆焚烧过程中各种水溶性无机离子质量浓度均高于其他时期,但在气溶胶中比例较低;示踪物K+明显高于其他过程.3次污染过程中NO3-、SO24-和NH4+质量浓度峰值均在0.43～0.65μm粒径段.In order to compare aerosol water-soluble inorganic species in different air-pollution periods,samples of PM10,PM2.1,PM1.1 and the main water-soluble ions(NH+4,Mg2+,Ca2+,Na+,K+,NO-2,F-,NO-3,Cl-,SO2-4) were measured,which were from 3 air-pollution incidents(continued pollution in October 16-30 of 2009,sandstorm pollution in April 27-30 of 2010,and crop burning pollution in June 14 of 2010.The results show that aerosol pollution of 3 periods is serious.The lowest PM2.1/PM10 is only 0.27,which is from sandstorm pollution period,while the largest is 0.7 from crop burning pollution period.In continued pollution periods,NO-3 and SO2-4 are the dominant ions,and the total anions account for an average of 18.62%,32.92% and 33.53% of PM10,PM2.1 and PM1.1.Total water-soluble ions only account for 13.36%,23.72% and 28.54% of PM10,PM2.1 and PM1.1 due to the insoluble species is increased in sandstorm pollution period.The mass concentration of Ca2+ in sandstorm pollution period is higher than the other two pollution periods,and which is mainly in coarse particles with diameter larger than 1 μm.All the ten water-soluble ions are much higher in crop burning pollution especially K+ which is the tracer from crop burning.The peak mass concentrations of NO-3,SO2-4 and NH+4 are in 0.43-0.65 μm.

关 键 词：气溶胶 水溶性无机离子 持续污染 沙尘污染 秸秆焚烧 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]