基于碳酸乙烯酯开环聚合的生物降解聚氨酯材料制备  

Synthesis of biodegradable polyurethane via ring-opening polymerizations of ethylene carbonates

作　　者：程玲[1] 周建成[1] 吴东方[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学化学化工学院,南京211189

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第3期507-510,共4页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31070517)

摘　　要：为了提高聚氨酯材料的生物降解性能,采用化学方法将可生物降解链段碳酸酯基嵌入聚氨酯链段中.首先,以离子液体[Bmim]Cl-(ZnCl2)0.50为催化剂、1,2-丙二醇为起始剂,催化碳酸乙烯酯开环聚合,制备聚醚碳酸酯多元醇,并将其与二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯反应,生成聚氨酯泡沫材料;然后,采用土埋法考察聚氨酯泡沫材料的生物降解性.实验结果表明,该离子液体呈现Lewis酸性,能较好地催化碳酸乙烯酯开环聚合,且反应过程中存在断链和脱羧现象.与普通聚醚多元醇制备的聚氨酯泡沫材料相比,聚醚碳酸酯型聚氨酯泡沫材料具有更好的生物降解性.In order to improve the biodegrability of polyurethane, biodegradable carbonate units are embedded into polyurethane chains by using chemical methods. Firstly, the poly ether carbonate polyols are prepared via ring-opening polymerizations of ethylene carbonates by using ionic liquid [ Bmiml Cl-（ZnCl2 ）0.50 as the catalyst and 1,2-propylene glycol as the initiator. Then, the polyure- thane foams are synthesized by the poly ether carbonate polyols and the diphenyl methane diisocya- nate. The biodegradability of polyurethane foams is detected by the soil burial method. The experi- mental results show that the ionic liquid [ Bmim ] Cl-（ ZnCl2 ）0. 50 is Lewis acid and can act as a good catalyst for ring-opening polymerizations of ethylene carbonates. In the reaction, decarboxylation and chain cleavage reaction exist. The biogradability of polyurethane foams prepared by poly ether carbonate polyols is better than that made by common polyether polyols.

关 键 词：聚醚碳酸酯多元醇 碳酸乙烯酯 开环聚合 聚氨酯泡沫 生物降解性 

分 类 号：TQ423.2[化学工程]