冬季灌溉与桂味荔枝成花率的关系初探  

The Relationship between Winter Irrigation and Spring Flowering of Guiwei Litchi Trees

作　　者：李志强[1] 袁沛元[1] 邱燕萍[1] 李建光[1] 凡超[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所 农业部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2012年第3期402-407,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：农业部现代农业产业技术体系:荔枝树冠管理科学家岗位(No.CARS-33-12);广东省现代农业产业技术体系;荔枝栽培和耕种技术研究岗位(No.LNSG2011-08)

摘　　要：2009年底至2010年初和2010年底至2011年初的连续2个冬季(每年12月至翌年的2月),通过提前搭建通风透光的遮雨棚,防止雨水淋到处理树上,模仿常年冬季自然的土壤干旱,再在干旱的遮雨棚内和露天果园里分别进行了1～4次、1～6次的不同灌溉处理,研究了桂味荔枝果园不同时段的地表水分变化与成花率的关系。结果表明:灌溉(含自然雨水灌溉)时间越早,灌溉次数越多,成花率就越高。2010年1月中旬以后的灌溉促花处理,成花很少;2011年2月中旬以后灌溉的处理,成花也很少。文章对"冬季干旱有利于荔枝成花"的传统观念进行了讨论,提出"冬季适时、适度湿润,有利于桂味荔枝成花"的观点。The relationship between winter irrigation and branch flowering rates of Guiwei litchi trees was studied for two consecutive winters（2009-2010 and 2010-2011）. Trees were sheltered to simulate natural drought processes and treated with different winter irrigation.The rates of flowering branches on the trees under different winter irrigation treatments were investigated in the following spring. The results in the experiment from December, 2009 to early January, 2010 showed that earlier irrigation and more irrigation times induced more flowers and the flower induction effect was lost if irrigation was applied later than mid-January. Experiments were repeated from December of 2010 to March of 2011 and a similar trend was observed. The loss of irrigation-promoted flower induction after soil water deficiency was observed to occur in mid-February. Our results are contrary to the common notion that drought in winter induces flower on litchi and we propose that adequate and timely irrigation in winter are necessary to help flower induction in litchi trees.

关 键 词：水分 荔枝 促花 节水灌溉 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]