非绿质体的分裂增殖调控与展望  

Research Progress and Challenges on Plastid Division in Higher Plant

作　　者：闵义[1,2] 耿梦婷[1] 胡新文[1] 符少萍[2] 郭建春[2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点实验室,海南海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2012年第3期583-588,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家973重大基础性研究项目(No.2010CB126600);国家自然科学基金项目(No.31160061);"211工程"热带作物遗传育种与生态保育创新人才培养基金青年教师项目(No.QNJS-2011-12);海南大学科研启动基金项目(No.kyqd1047)

摘　　要：质体分裂在绿色及非绿组织中广泛存在。本文综述了质体分裂研究现状,特别是非绿质体方面取得的成果和进展。质体分裂至少受由质体与蓝藻内共生进化而来的内部机制及宿主进化而来的外部机制调控,是一个高度集成的多蛋白参与的过程。随着植物由低等到高等的进化,分裂蛋白种类也逐渐增加,发掘与质体分裂有关新基因仍是当前研究热点。质体在不同细胞中的分化存在差异,不仅质体形态和功能存在着组织特异性,质体的分裂调控机制也可能存在着差异。质体分裂特别是非绿质体与代谢物积累的研究,对作物淀粉品质的改良具有潜在的应用价值。Plastid division is widespread in the green and non-green tissue. In this article, some achievements and progress of plastid division researches were summarized, especially in the aspects of non-green plastid. Plastid division, which is a highly integrated protein complex process, is executed by the coordinated action of at least two molecular machineries-an internal machinery that was contributed by the cyanobacterial endosymbiont from which plastids evolved, and an external machinery that was contributed by the host. With the development of evolution from lower to higher, the number of plastid division protein gradually increased. Identification of new genes is still a hot spot in the field of plastid division research. As the differentiation of plastid in different tissue, not only the morphology and function of plastid exists tissue specificity, but also the division regulation mechanism may be differences among different type of plastid. Studies on plastid division, especially relationships on non-green plastid and metabolites accumulation could provide promising strategies and potential application on crop quality improvement.

关 键 词：质体分裂 叶绿体 非绿质体 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]