吉林黄泥河自然保护区马鹿冬季栖息地选择  

Winter Habitat Selection by Cervus elaphus in Huangnihe Nature Reserve

作　　者：朱洪强[1] 葛志勇[2] 毛之夏[3] 刘庚[2] 常素慧[2] 李成[4] 张晓东[4] 白玉刚 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,长春130118 [2]吉林农业大学研究生学院,长春130118 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [4]吉林省敦化市黄泥河林业局,吉林敦化133704 [5]吉林省野生动物救护与繁育中心,长春130012

出　　处：《四川动物》2012年第3期478-482,共5页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家林业局野生动物保护司资助项目(20073120)"长白山鹿类资源评估"

摘　　要：2009年12月～2010年1月,在黄泥河自然保护区采用样带法对马鹿冬季栖息地选择进行了研究。共设置了47条样带,调查了72个马鹿利用样方和109个对照样方。结果表明,在黄泥河自然保护区冬季马鹿喜欢选择针阔混交林、食物丰富度和灌丛盖度较高、中等坡度和隐蔽级、远离人为干扰源的生境,避开选择阴坡和针叶林。逻辑斯蒂回归分析揭示坡度、隐蔽级、食物丰富度、坡向、人为干扰距离和林型是影响马鹿栖息地选择的主导因子,灌丛盖度为次要因子。回归模型为:Z=-53.391+0.194×坡度+0.352×隐蔽级+0.5×食物丰富度-0.071×灌丛盖度+1.064×坡向(1)+6.11×坡向(2)+0.004×人为干扰距离+17.305×林型(1)+7.147×林型(2),选择利用概率P(z)=ez/(1+ez),模型正确预测率为94.5%。Winter habitat selection by red deer （Cervus elaphus） was investigated using transect method from December 2009 to January 2010 in Huangnihe Nature Reserve, Jilin, China. Seventy two used quadrats and 109 control quadrats were measured during 47 transect surveys. The results showed that red deer preferred habitats characterized by the mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest, higher food abundance and thickets coverage, medium gradient and visibility and far distance to human disturbance, while avoiding shady slope and coniferous forest. The binary logistical regression revealed that gradient, visibility, food abundance, aspect of slope, distance to human disturbance and forest type were the dominant factors, and thickets coverage was the secondary factor, with the model： Z=-53.391＋0.194×gradient＋0.352×visibility＋0.5×food abundance-0.071×thickets coverage＋1.064×aspect of slope（1）＋6.11×aspect of slope（2）＋0.004×distance from human disturbance＋17.305×forest type（1）＋7.147×forest type （2）. The selection probability was that： P（z）=ez/（1＋ez）. The model correctly classified 94.5% of overall.

关 键 词：马鹿 栖息地选择 黄泥河自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]