Effect of Transplanting Density on Rice Yield,Nitrogen Uptake and ^(15)N-fertilizer Fate  

不同栽培密度对水稻产量、氮素吸收和^(15)N-肥料去向影响

作　　者：樊红柱[1] 张鸿[2] 冯文强[1] 张冀[1] 王昌桃[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066 [2]四川省农业科学院科技处,四川成都610066

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2012年第5期1037-1039,1054,共4页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the Financial Breeding Fund for Young Scholars in Sichuan Province(2008QNJJ-016);Financial Fund for Excellent Gene Engineering Papers in Sichuan Province (2010LWJJ-008)~~

摘　　要：[Objective] The aim of this study was investigated the rice yield, nitrogen uptake and ^15-fertilizer fate at different transplanting density to provide scientific ba- sis for improving the yield of rice and applying reasonably fertilizer. [Method] A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different transplanting density on rice yield, nitrogen （N） absorption, sources of N uptake by rice and the N balance in the plant-soil systems by using ^15-labelled urea. [Result] There were no significant differences in rice yields and total N uptakes by rice between treatments 30 cm × 30 cm and 40 cm × 40 cm, but the yield of rice and total N absorption in the two treatments were remarkably higher than those in 50 cm × 50 cm treatment. The amounts of total N uptake by rice were in the range of 112.3-162.7 kg/hm2 in the three transplanting densities. The result showed that about 1/3 of the total N uptake by rice was supplied by application fertilizer and the other 2/3 was obtained from the soil N pool. The ^15N-labelled urea absorbed by rice, residual in soil and lost accounted for 16.3%-26.1%, 17.0%-20.9% and 53.0%-66.7% of the total fertilizer, respectively. A great deal of ^15N-labelled urea was lost during the rice growing season. [Conclusion] Considering the rice yield and environmental protection, the transplanting density of 30 cm×30 cm was recommended in the hilly area of Sichuan basin in the southwest China.[目的]为提高水稻产量和合理施肥提供理论依据。[方法]通过田间试验利用15N示踪技术研究了不同栽培密度对水稻产量、氮素吸收、氮素来源和氮素平衡的影响。[结果]在30cm×30cm和40cm×40cm栽培密度下,水稻产量和氮素吸收量无显著差异,但是它们都显著地高于50cm×50cm栽培密度下的产量和氮素吸收量。水稻氮素吸收量在112.3-162.7kg/hm2范围内变化。水稻吸收的氮素有1/3来源于当季所施肥料,2/3来源于土壤。水稻吸收、土壤残留和损失的15N-肥料分别占总施肥量的16.3%-26.1%,17.0%-20.9%和53.0%-66.7%。大量的15N-肥料在水稻生长期间损失。[结论]综合考虑水稻产量和环境保护,四川丘陵区水稻合理的栽培密度为30cm×30cm。

关 键 词：Rice yield Nitrogen uptake and balance ^15N-labeled urea ^15N fate Transplanting density 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]