考虑汇率变化和运输成本分担的跨国供应链数量折扣契约  

International Supply Chain Contract with Quantity Discounts Taking Exchange Rate Changing and Transportation Cost Sharing into Account

作　　者：赵正佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《管理学报》2012年第6期913-919,共7页Chinese Journal of Management

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究基金资助项目(08JA630071);国家社会科学基金资助项目(10BGL023)

摘　　要：建立了跨国供应链的数量折扣模型,模型中考虑了汇率、国际运输成本分担比例等因素。通过分析得到了协调跨国供应链的数量折扣契约,在该契约下供应商、销售商以及供应链系统的利润都得到改善。最后通过实例验证了模型和有关命题,分析了汇率变化对契约参数及供应链各方、供应链系统利润的影响,结果表明:①汇率变化下,数量折扣率和国际运输成本分担比例具有稳定性,变化较大的契约参数是订购量;②即使实现了供应链协调,随着人民币对美元的升值,不仅使中国供应商的利润下降,也使美国销售商以及供应链系统的利润下降。根据实例计算结果与分析,从供应链管理的角度认为,应该保持人民币对美元汇率的稳定。The model of international supply chain contract with quantity discounts is proposed. In the model, exchange rate and sharing rate of international transportation cost are taken into account. The optimal contract with quantity discounts to coordinate the international supply chain is obtained. With the contract, the profits of the supplier and the profits of the seller as well as that of the whole supply chain are improved. The model and propositions are validated by an example. Impacts on parameters of the contract and the profits of the supplier, the profits of the seller as well as that of the whole supply chain are analyzed. The results show that： ① the rate of quantity discount and the sharing rate of international transportation cost, which are two of the contract parameters, are stable with exchanging rate, however the order quantity changes sensitively; ② with the value of RMB ris- ing against the dollar, not only the profits of the Chinese supplier decline, but also the profits of the American seller and that of the whole supply chain decease even through the supply chain is coordinated by the contact. According to these results, from the perspective of supply chain management, the exchange rate of Chinese RMB against US dollar should remain stable.

关 键 词：跨国供应链 供应链契约 数量折扣 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学] F224.3