4种遗传型罗非鱼的耐盐慢性驯化表现  

Saltwater tolerance of Oreochromis niloticus(NEW GIFTS), Sarotherodon melanotheron,and their F1 and F2 hybrids

作　　者：范武江[1,2] 李思发[1] 孟庆辉[1] 刘于信[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业部水产种质资源与利用重点开放实验室,上海201306 [2]上海市水产研究所,上海市水产技术推广站,上海200433

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2012年第3期430-435,共6页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目(CARS-49-4B)

摘　　要：在实验室小水体中,对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus,新吉富)、萨罗罗非鱼(Sarothrodon melanotheron)以及它们的杂交F1和F2("吉丽"罗非鱼)进行盐度梯度实验,观察其耐盐能力。采用4(遗传型)×4(水平或重复)随机区组设计。对照组全程维持淡水养殖;实验组起始盐度为0,盐度每天提高8直至实验鱼100%死亡。在水温保持(27.2±1.3)℃、正常投饵情况下,萨罗罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼、杂交F1及F2的50%死亡盐度平均值(MLS)分别为125.78±1.66、54.22±2.51、77.33±1.89和73.73±1.32;萨罗罗非鱼的累计存活率(CS)和MLS值均显著高于尼罗罗非鱼、杂交F1和F2(P<0.05);杂交F1和F2的CS值及MLS值均显著高于尼罗(P<0.05);F2和F1之间CS值和MLS值差异不显著(P>0.05)。We evaluated the saltwater tolerance of Oreochromis niloticus（NEW GIFTS）, Sarotherodon melan- otheron, and their hybrid F1 and F2 generations. Groups of 10 juveniles （10 to 14 g） of each species/hybrid gen- eration were reared in freshwater then subjected to a gradual increase in salinity （8/d） until all fish died. Control fish were held in fresh water. The temperature was maintained at （27.2±1.3）℃ and the fish were fed daily. The median lethal salinity （MLS） was 125.78±1.66, 54.22±2.51, 77.33±1.89, and 73.73±1.32 for S. melanotheron, 0. niloticus, F1, and F2, respectively. The mean cumulative survival （CS） and MLS were significantly higher in S. melanotheron than in O. niloticus and the F1 and F2 hybrids. Similarly, the CS and MLS were significantly higher in the F1 and F2 groups than in O. niloticus （P〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference between the F1 and F2 groups （P〉0.05）.

关 键 词：萨罗罗非鱼 尼罗罗非鱼 杂交F1 杂交F2 慢性驯化 耐盐 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]