东莞市2009-2010年手足口病疫情分析及防治对策探讨  

Analysis on the epidemic situation of hand foot and mouth disease in Dongguan (2009-2010)

作　　者：熊劲光[1] 刘艳璋[1] 曾耀明[1] 钟新光[1] 张巧利[1] 

机构地区：[1]东莞市疾病预防控制中心,广东东莞523129

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2012年第4期486-489,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解东莞市2009-2010年手足口病疫情的流行病学特点,为今后的防控工作提出对策。方法对东莞市2009-2010年手足口病疫情资料采用描述流行病学方法进行分析,对患者的咽拭子或粪便标本采用RT-PCR法进行肠道病毒核酸检测和病毒分型。结果东莞市2009年和2010年分别报告手足口病9263例和22721例,发病率分别为127.34/10万和373.28/10万。5岁以下婴幼儿分别占当年报告病例的91.68%和92.15%;散居儿童分别占当年报告病例的78.26%和73.58%;男性分别占当年报告病例的65.29%和65.27%;每年的4月份和10月份有2个发病高峰,前者为全年的发病高峰;暴发疫情均发生在托幼机构;分别有49.30%和53.65%的病例由EV71引起,所有死亡病例均由EV71引起。健康人群肠道病毒隐性感染率为11.67%,感染的主要病原体为其他肠道病毒(95.24%)。结论东莞市2010年手足口病流行强度大于2009年;应重点做好手足口病的病原学监测及5岁以下散居儿童和托幼机构的手足口病防治工作。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease（HFMD） in Dongguan （2009-2010） and put forward the measures for prevention and control of the disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the data on HFMD between 2009 and 2010. Enterovirus （EV） in throat swab or faeces was tested by RT-PCR. Results 9 263 and 22 721 HFMD cases were reported in Dongguan in 2009 and 2010, respevtively. The incidence rates of HFMD were 127.34 per 100 000 in 2009 and 373.28 per 100 000 in 2010. Cases under 5 years old accounted for 91.68% （2009） and 92.15% （2010）. Scattered-living children accounted for 78.26% （2009） and 73.58% （2010）; and boys accounted for 65.29% （2009） and 65.27% （2010）. The disease incidence was mainly in April and October both in 2009 and 2010, and the peak was in April. Nearly all of the outbreaks occurred in kindergartens. 49.30% （2009） and 53.65% （2010） of the laboratory confirmed cases were caused by EV71, and all of the death cases were caused by EV71 infection..The latent infection rate of EV in the healthy subjects was 11.67% （2009） and 95.24% （2010）, and the infection was caused by other strains of EV virus. Conclusions The incidence of HFMD in 2010 was greater than 2009. Programs on the etiology surveillance, disease control and prevention should be strengthen in the scattered-living children population and in the kindergartens.

关 键 词：手足口病 肠道病毒感染 流行病学 防治策略 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]