胡杨对非确定性输水响应的生态表征  

Ecological Characterization of Populus Euphratica’s Response to Non-deterministic Water Delivery

作　　者：牛婷[1,2] 李霞[1] 张绘芳[1,3] 王建刚[1,4] 林海军[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境环学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水利水电勘察设计研究院,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆林业科学院,乌鲁木齐830000 [4]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《资源科学》2012年第5期819-826,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:40961027;30460010);新疆维吾尔自治区草地资源与生态实验室资助

摘　　要：采用参照对比、实地调查、定点观测的方法,对新疆塔里木河下游长期干旱胁迫输水后不同地下水条件下胡杨生长量、生长势、开花结实以及更新响应的生态表征进行分析。结果表明:输水后一定时段内,胡杨一级枝年轮生长量随地下水埋深增加而降低,可以明确标定输水的响应时间、响应范围和响应程度;随着输水的进行,不同地下水条件胡杨年轮生长量逐步趋近;胡杨大树枯枝比与地下水埋深相关良好,是衡量胡杨生态恢复明确、易测的指标;输水后胡杨在一定范围发生更新,但更新范围、更新方式、更新苗长势及开花结实和保持种子活力所需的地下水条件仍受输水方式、输水量和输水时间的限制。Tarim River is a place which can best represent ecological contradiction and crisis of continental river basin in arid areas. Populus euphratica is the main constructive species in the lower reaches water delivery area of Tarim River as well as a kind of indicator plant that measures the recovery degree of vegetations in the water delivery area. With the methods of reference and comparison, fact finding and fixed point observation, this paper has analyzed the ecological characterizations of Populus euphratica＇ s increment, growth potential and flowering and seed setting under different groundwater conditions after long-term drought stress. The results show that： 1） The growth of First Branch Annual Ring reduces with the increase of groundwater depth in a certain period of time after water delivery. Therefore, we can demarcate explicitly the response time, response range and response level of water delivery; 2） With the water delivery, the growth of annual ring under different groundwater conditions gradually approaches the same; 3） A good correlation is shown between the deadwood ratio of Populus euphratica＇ s bearing tree and groundwater depth, and the ratio can serve as a clear and easily measured indicator of the ecological restoration of Populus euphratica; 4） Populus euphratica updates in a certain range after water delivery, but the groundwater condition required by updating range, modes and growth vigor of seedlings as well as flowering and seed setting and keeping the vigor of seeds is still limited by the mode, amount and time of water delivery. Whether there is mathematical correlation between the growth of Populus euphratica annual ring and groundwater depth in the lower reaches of Tarim River is an isssue that deserves research. But it should be clear that the response of Populus euphratica annual ring to water delivery is not only affected by groundwater depth, but also by the microtopography, origin, tree age, tree potential and other factors. Therefore, how to get the mathematical rel

关 键 词：输水响应 生态表征 胡杨 塔里木河 

分 类 号：S792.119[农业科学—林木遗传育种]