秦岭自然保护区群成本效益研究(Ⅰ)——成本效益比较  

Cost-Benefit Study on Nature Reserves Group in Qinling Mountains: Cost-Benefit Comparison and Analysis

作　　者：王昌海[1,2] 温亚利[2] 李强[2] 司开创 胡崇德[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所,北京100091 [2]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [3]周至国家级自然保护区管理局,周至县710400 [4]太白山国家级自然保护区管理局,眉县722300

出　　处：《资源科学》2012年第5期836-843,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目:“自然保护区管理政策对农户家庭的生产、消费和资源利用方式影响研究”(编号:70803005);国家林业局保护司重点立项课题:“区域发展对大熊猫自然保护区的影响研究”(编号:621720)

摘　　要：本研究在秦岭自然保护区群成本效益计量研究成果的基础上,首先对秦岭自然保护区群的保护成本及效益进行了比较分析,同时修正了研究中的误差;采用利益相关者理论中的米切尔分类方法,找出了秦岭自然保护区群的成本承担者及效益分享者,并对其进行比较分析;最后文章对成本-效益进行进一步分析及发展趋势预测。研究结果表明:经过调整后的综合效益约为234亿元,其中生态效益约为188亿元;经济效益约为34亿元;社会效益约为12亿元;综合效益成本比为7.88。在成本效益比较分析表明保护区周边社区承担了过多的成本且产生了负效益,这也是引起社区与保护区矛盾最根本的原因。研究认为,随着国家社会经济的发展,保护区群的综合效益会呈上升趋势,国家有关部门应建立健全生态效益补偿机制。The study firstly compared and analyzed the protection cost and efficiency of the Qinling Nature Reserve Group （QNRG）and at the same time corrected the errors. Based on the above achievements, we found out the cost undertaker and benefit sharer in the protection of QNRG by using the Mitchell classification method of Stakeholder Theory and then we compared and analyzed them. Finally, the cost-benefit was further analyzed and its development tendency was forecasted. The results show that the adjusted comprehensive benefit is about 23.4 billion RMB, in which the ecological benefit is about 18.8 billion RMB, the economic benefit is about 3.4 billion RMB and social benefit is about 1.2 billion RMB. The communities around the Nature Reserve bear so much cost that some negative benefits were produced, which is also the basic cause of conflicts between communities and QNRG. Previous studies suggested that the comprehensive benefit of the QNRG will rise with the development of social economy. However, ecological benefit will rise more slowly and even drop. This study also measured the effectiveness of protection policy from the view of nature reserve cost and benefit. There are three purposes for this study： 1） To inform the comprehensive benefit and cost produced by biodiversity protection of QNRG from the perspective of cost-benefit analysis; 2） To analyze the cost and benefit shared by stakeholders of QNRG from the perspective of Stakeholder Theory; 3） To quantitatively analyze the development tendency of comprehensive benefits and costs in QNRG. This study can serve as an empirical base for the adjustment of biodiversity protection policies in nature reserves. In this paper, the correlation between cost and benefit of the QNRG was studied through the regress analysis with cross-sectional data. And our study may provide useful information for the forest management, particularly in investment budge, compensation and so on.

关 键 词：秦岭自然保护区群 成本效益 比较分析 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X196