两种开放血脑屏障方法的比较  

Opening of Blood-brain Barrier by Focused Ultrasound Combined with Microbubbles or Hyperosmolar Solutions of Mannitol in Rats

作　　者：费威[1] 程远[1] 王志刚[2] 黄琴[1] 汪峰[1] 雷波[1] 马颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第二医院神经外科,重庆市400010 [2]重庆医科大学超声影像研究所

出　　处：《中国超声医学杂志》2012年第5期392-394,402,共4页Chinese Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.30870723)

摘　　要：目的对比聚焦超声联合微泡和高渗性甘露醇2种方法对开放大鼠血脑屏障(BBB)的影响。方法将115只SD大鼠分为聚焦超声联合微泡组(A组)50只、甘露醇组(B组)50只、假手术组(C组)15只。拟开放BBB后用磁共振增强扫描观察其开放时间特点,用荧光显微镜观察伊文氏蓝和右旋糖酐脑内空间分布差异,荧光分光光度法进行定量分析。结果 A组BBB局部开放,B组弥散广泛开放;A组于0 min核磁信号增强达峰值,B组于5 min信号增强达峰值。10 kDa的右旋糖酐荧光信号较40 kDa的右旋糖酐强且弥散。A组脑组织内伊文氏蓝、10 kDa的右旋糖酐和40 kDa的右旋糖酐的含量均明显大于B组(P<0.01)。结论聚焦超声联合微泡丌放BBB的方法较甘露醇法丌放BBB程度更大,开放范围局限,靶向性、可控性更好。Objective To investigate the differences between focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles and hyperosmolar solutions of mannitol in opening the blood-brain barrier（BBB） in rats. Methods A total of 115 SD rats were randomly divided into focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles group（A, n = 50）, mannitol group（B, n = 50） and saline group（C,n= 15）. The changes in blood-brain barrier permeability induced by different methods were assessed by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）, Exudations of Evans blue and fluorescent-tagged dextrans at two distinct molecular weights were observed with fluorescence microscopy and fluorescencespectrometer. Results The MRI showed local BBB opening from group A ,while widespread from group B. The signal intensity enhancements peaked at 0 minute in group A,but 5 minutes in group B. Fluorescence distribution of 10 kDa dextran was more homogeneous and dense than that of 40 kDa dextran. The content of Evans blue and fluorescent-tagged dextrans in group A was markedly greater than that of group B（P〈0.01）. Conclusions As compared to mannitol infusion, focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles is a metheod of noinvasive , selective and localized opening BBB.

关 键 词：聚焦超声联合微泡 甘露醇 血脑屏障 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R741[医药卫生—诊断学]