仿刺参基因组大小的测定  

Genome size determination of sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)

作　　者：刘进[1,2] 张晓军[2] 苏琳[2,3] 刘石林[2] 汝少国[1] 杨红生[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《水产学报》2012年第5期686-695,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划(2012AA10A412);国家自然科学基金项目(41076103;40976089;41176139)

摘　　要：仿刺参基因组大小测定采用流式细胞术,以鸡红血细胞DNA含量(2.5 pg/2C)为内标,用夏眠、正常和野生3个群体的仿刺参体腔细胞测定了52只刺参的单倍体基因组含量,其C-值为(0.90±0.06)pg,由此得出仿刺参基因组大小为(880.2±58.68)Mb。其中,夏眠、正常和野生群体C-值分别为(0.93±0.05)、(0.90±0.05)和(0.84±0.02)pg。运用独立样本t检验对比分析显示:(1)夏眠与正常的仿刺参基因组大小之间差异不显著,说明仿刺参基因组大小与夏眠这一生理因子不具有相关性;(2)池塘(围堰)养殖环境下与野生环境下的仿刺参基因组大小之间有显著差异,野生环境下的仿刺参基因组明显小于池塘(围堰)养殖环境下的基因组。据此推测,环境因子的改变可能对仿刺参乃至整个海参类群基因组DNA含量产生影响。实验还对C-值测定的发展和方法作了详尽的描述,同时在综合其他种类海参基因组大小研究的基础上,探讨了C-值与进化地位之间的关系。Sea cucumber（Apostichopus japonicus） is one of the most important economic aquaculture spe-cies in China.The study on the genome size（C-value） is highly significant because it plays an important role in instructing the hybridization breeding and improved variety breeding program,as well as in esti-mating the cost of the whole genome sequencing project.Previous studies mainly focused on these re-search areas such as ecology,physiology,nutrition etc.However,it is relatively scarce for the accumulation of basic data related to the genome size and characteristics in A.japonipus.Therefore,the measure of ge-nome size for enriching cytogenetics data of this species is meaningful.In this paper,the genome size（C-value） of sea cucumber,A.japonicus was measured through flow cytometry in 52 individuals,which came from aestivation,normal and wild groups,using erythrocyte DNA content of chicken,Gallus domesticus（2.5pg/2C） as internal standard.The result indicates that the C-value of A.japonicus is（0.90± 0.06） pg,equivalent to（880.2±72.26） Mb.And,the C-values of aestivation,normal and wild are（0.93±0.05） pg,（0.90±0.05） pg and（0.84±0.02） pg,respectively.In addition,analyzed by Independent-Samples T Test,it shows that the C-values have no significant difference in aestivation and normal groups,whereas,the C-values of wild group and that reared in captivity group have significant difference.In other words,there is no correlation between genome size and the physiology factor-aestivation,while the stability of envi-ronment factors has certain influences on genome size variation.Moreover,the development of C-value measure method was elucidated in detail,in the meanwhile,the relationship between C-value and the evo-lution in Holothuroidea was discussed in combination with genome size of other types of sea cucumber.

关 键 词：仿刺参 基因组大小 流式细胞术 

分 类 号：Q785[生物学—分子生物学] S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]