我国内陆核电发展过程中水资源安全相关问题  

Security-related Issues of Water Resources in the Development Process of Inland Nuclear Power in China

作　　者：王韶伟[1] 岳会国[1] 熊文彬[1] 李雯婷[1] 俞淞[2] 王红瑞[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2012年第3期113-117,共5页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：水利部"节水型社会建设项目"((2012)财第(30-8)号)

摘　　要：核电作为一种清洁能源,在我国的能源结构调整和节能减排中起着举足轻重的作用,但其潜在的放射性污染会对水资源安全构成一定的威胁。由于自然环境和社会因素的巨大差异,内陆核电的水资源安全问题更加凸显。在简要介绍了核电站运行原理及安全设计后,阐述了国外内陆核电的状况。从放射性液态流出物污染、冷却水污染和硼污染三方面分析了内陆核电站运行对水资源安全的影响以及我国的控制措施。从水资源管理思路、水资源论证深度、水资源应急响应机制三个方面论述了我国内陆核电水资源管理中亟待加强的方面。As a clean energy,nuclear power plays an important role in the adjustment of energy structure and the energy saving and emission reduction in China. However,its potential radioactive contamination can result in a certain threat to the water resources security. Due to the significant differences in the natural environment and social factors, the water resources security for the inland nuclear power is more prominent. This paper introduces briefly the operation principle and the safety design of the nuclear power plants,and illustrates the current situation of inland nuclear power in the world. Then, this paper analyzes the effects of the operation of inland nuclear power plants on the water resources security from three aspects,including the radioactive liquid effluents pollution, the cooling water pollution, and the boron pollution, and also notes the corresponding controlling measures in China. Finally, this paper demonstrates three perspectives to strengthen the water resources management of the inland nuclear power,including the water resources management concepts, water resources depth assessment,and water resources emergency response mechanism

关 键 词：内陆核电 水资源安全 放射性液态流出物污染 冷却水污染 硼污染 水资源管理思路 水资源论证深度 水 资源应急响应体制 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TM623.8[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]