黄土丘陵区不同经济作物光合作用特性研究  

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Different Cash Crops

作　　者：张宁宁[1] 刘普灵[1] 王栓全[2] 陈龙飞[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2012年第3期269-273,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目农田水土保持关键技术研究与示范(2001BAD31BO1);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB407205)

摘　　要：为研究延安燕沟流域5种传统作物的光合作用特性及其与环境因子的相关关系,运用美国产Li—6400便携式光合作用系统对5种作物的光合特性和环境因子进行了测定,结果表明:(1)西葫芦(Cuourbita papo)和甘蓝(Brassica olerarea)的净光合速率日变化呈"单峰型",即没有光合"午休"现象,而茄子(Solanum melongena L.)、黄瓜(Cucumis satovus L.)和甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)均呈现明显"双峰型"特征,光合"午休"现象明显;(2)5种作物中甜瓜叶片的蒸腾速率最大,其他依次为西葫芦、甘蓝、黄瓜、茄子;(3)相对于甘蓝而言,茄子和黄瓜的气孔导度日变化相对平缓;(4)甘蓝的胞间CO2浓度呈"双峰型",茄子、黄瓜和甜瓜均呈现先下降后上升的趋势,即"V"型,西葫芦呈上升—下降—上升趋势,即"N"型;(5)5种作物的光合有效辐射(PAR)和相对湿度(RH)与净光合速率(Pn)均呈极显著正相关(p<0.01)。The photosynthetic characteristics of five traditional crops in Yangou Basin, Yanran city and its correlation between the environmental factors were studied. The photosynthetic characteristics and environmen- tal factors of five kinds of crops were investigated using Li--6400 portable photosynthesis system. The re- sults showed： （1）the diurnal changes of Pn of Cucurbita pepo L. and Brassica oleracea were a single-peak curve which meant they didn＇t have the phenomenon of ＇midday depression of photosynthesis＇, and the diurnal changes of Pn of Solanum melongena L. , Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus Linn showed a typical doublepeak curve with a visible ＇midday depression of photosynthesis＇ ; （2） the diurnal changes of Tr was in the order of Cucumis melo 〉Cucurbita pepo L. 〉Brassica oleracea 〉Cucumis sativus Linn〉Solanum melongena L; （3） the diurnal changes of Gs of Solanum melongena L. and Cucumis sativus Linn were flater than Brassica oleraceal （4） the diurnal changes of Ci of Brassica oleracea showed a double--peak curve, a ＇V- type＇ curve was showed in Solanum melongena L., Cucumis sativus Linn and Cucumis melo, a ＇N-type＇ curve was showed in Cucurbita pepo L. ; （5）there was a significant （P〈0.01） positive relationship between the Pn, PAR and RH in the five crops.

关 键 词：经济作物 光合作用特性 环境因子 日变化 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学]