外来入侵烟粉虱生物特性及其种群数量变动规律研究  

Study on Biological Characteristics and Population Dynamics of Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in Growing Vegetables in the Suburbs

作　　者：李达林 汪恩国 林凌伟 

机构地区：[1]浙江省临海市植物检疫站,浙江临海317000 [2]临海市农科所,浙江临海317000

出　　处：《农学学报》2012年第1期12-17,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目"外来入侵生物烟粉虱发生危害规律和综合治理研究"(2004C32087)

摘　　要：为了揭示外来入侵烟粉虱种群数量季节性消长和年度间变动规律,提高监测与防控水平,2005—2010年通过饲养观察以及采用塑料黄板涂抹机油系统诱集烟粉虱成虫等方法研究。结果表明,烟粉虱种群季节性消长呈双峰型曲线变化,其夏峰期在5月中旬至9月上旬,其夏峰量占当年总量的66.29%,其秋峰期在10月中旬至11月下旬,出现频率为50%,其秋峰量占当年总量的17.3%,随后转入大棚和温暖的露地越冬场所越冬,在露地越冬频率为20%;年度间种群运动呈二项式曲线变化:M露地=312.21N2-6187.1N+30787(n=5,r=0.9834**),M大棚=564.7N2-10506N+49013(n=5,r=0.9967**)。影响种群变化主要有基数、气候、耕作和洪涝等,其中气温是关键因子,其烟粉虱虫口密度(M)随气温(T)的变化而变化,其线性关系模型为M=0.607T-4.0645,n=36;r=0.6826**;其曲线关系模型为M=0.0071T2+0.3513T-2.2188,n=36;r=0.6846**,当旬平均气温在8～10℃时种群处存活临界状态,当旬平均气温在10～20℃时种群数量处低密度状态并呈低位运行,当旬平均气温处20℃以上时种群数量随气温升高而升高,当旬平均气温处30℃以上时种群数量呈回落态势。In order to explore population dynamics of whitefly （Bemisia tabaci） in growing vegetables in the suburbs, and improve monitoring and control techniques, adult whitefly （Bemisia tabaci） were reared and trapped with oil painting yellow plastic plates during 2005-2010. It showed that annual population dynamics of whitefly might be described by bimodal curve, the summer peak usually appeared during mid-May and early September, and the autumn peak usually came between mid-October and late November. The adults could live in greenhouse for one year and had an overwintering rate of 20% in the open. Between the year to year movement of whitefly could be described by bimodal curve and the curve model was M o. = 312.21N 2 -6187.1N ＋ 30787 （ n=5 , r=0.9834 ＊＊ ） and M g. = 564.7 N 2 -10506N ＋ 49013 （ n=5 , r=0.9967 ＊＊ ） . There were four main factors affecting whitefly population, i.e., base population, climate, farming system and flood inundation, and the most important factor was temperature. The whitefly population density （ M ） was changed with temperature （ T ）, the linear relationship could be described by the model M=0.607T-4.0645, n=36; r=0.6826 ＊＊ , and the curve model was M = 0.0071T 2 ＋0.3513T-2.2188, n=36; r=0.6846 ＊＊ . When 10 days ’ average temperature was between 8-10℃ , the whitefly population was in survival critical situation. The population density was the small at the 10 days ’ average temperature of 10-20℃. When 10 days ’ average temperature was above 20℃, the population increased very fast with the increasing of temperature. However, the whitefly population decreased to a comparative bust at the 10 days ’ average temperature of above 30℃. Afterwards, the population increased to the peak again, and caused the heavy damage of autumn vegetable production.

关 键 词：烟粉虱 生物特性 种群数量 变动规律 影响因子 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]