汶川地震与玉树地震自救互救调查情况比较研究  

Comparative studies of the status of self rescue and mutual aid in Wenchuan and Yushu earthquakes

作　　者：王东明 李永佳 陈洪富中国地震局工程力学研究所 黄宝森[2] 张云昌[2] 胡卫建[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震灾害防御中心,北京100029 [2]中国地震应急搜救中心,北京100049

出　　处：《国际地震动态》2012年第5期19-25,共7页Recent Developments in World Seismology

基　　金：地震星火计划(XH1034);玉树地震科学考察项目;地震行业科研专项项目(200808050);国家科技支撑项目(2008BAK50B03-01)

摘　　要：通过对比汶川地震和玉树地震震后问卷调查数据,对震后灾民自救互救过程中的实际情况开展了系统的分析研究。结果表明:(1)自救互救是地震救援中受困人员获救的主要方式;(2)玉树地震参与自救互救人数比例较高,说明经过汶川地震后,公众的自救互救意识得到较明显的提高,更加主动和积极地参与到震后抢险等社会活动中;(3)在两次地震自救互救过程中,主要的困难在于缺乏救生工具和经验,并且救援工作缺乏组织管理,相互协调能力不足。基于以上调查结果,为全面提升我国地震应急救援水平和应急能力提出了一些建议和对策。To learn the status of the residents living in the earthquake areas rescuing themselves and each other, the questionnaires were investigated after Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake. The results showed： （1） The proportion of participants in self rescue and mutual aid in Yushu earthquake is higher than that in Wenchuan earthquake, indicating that the awareness of residents was increased. （2） The main challenges of self- and mutualrescue in these two earthquakes were lack of tools and experience as well as deficient organization. At last, some suggestions were proposed based on these results.

关 键 词：地震 问卷调查 自救互救 应急救援 对策 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]