大型阵列天线阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵的求解及应用  

Calculation and application of the mutual impedance and the scattering matrices of large finite arrays

作　　者：张帅[1] 龚书喜[1] 关莹[1] 龚琦[1] 路宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学天线与微波技术重点实验室,陕西西安710071

出　　处：《西安电子科技大学学报》2012年第3期106-113,共8页Journal of Xidian University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(60801042)

摘　　要：通过公式推导,给出阵列天线阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵与辐射场之间关系的解析表达式,进而提出一种运用仿真软件HFSS来求解阻抗矩阵和散射矩阵的方法.运用小型阵列的阻抗矩阵来等效大型阵列的阻抗矩阵,将其代入推导所得表达式,实现了大型阵列辐射场的精确计算.基于此辐射场的计算方法,运用遗传算法通过优化各单元的馈电幅度和相位来进行大型阵列方向图的精确综合.以16元微带贴片直线阵列天线为例来对该综合方法的有效性进行评估.实验结果表明,优化后,在精确实现-25°～25°范围内主波束扫描的同时,最大副瓣电平都控制在-18.24dB以下;与均匀阵相比,其半功率波瓣宽度均未展宽,增益损失小于0.85dB;计算结果与HFSS仿真结果基本一致.The relationships among the radiation pattern, mutual impedance and scattering matrices of array antennas are derived. Based on the expressions, a novel approach is presented to calculate the mutual impedance and the scattering matrices of an array utilizing commercial simulation software HFSS. In addition, an efficient and accurate method is proposed to calculate and synthesize the radiation pattern of large finite arrays. In this method, the mutual impedance matrix of the large array is deduced from a small array ignoring the coupling beyond the small array size. Once the mutual impedance matrix is obtained, the radiation pattern of the large array can be computed using the derived equations. In order to assess the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method, an example array of 16 microstrip patch antennas is optimized with the genetic algorithm （GA） to minimize the maximum sidelobe level of the radiation pattern. Calculated results agree well with those simulated by HFSS.

关 键 词：阵列天线 阻抗矩阵 散射矩阵 阵列辐射方向图 方向图综合 

分 类 号：O441[理学—电磁学]