中华虎头蟹幼体发育的初步观察  

Larval development of tiger crab Orithyia sinica

作　　者：王红伟[1] 原振政 祁峰 刘谞 李晓东 姜玉声[1] 刘海映[3] 郑岩 赵静[1] 刘涵[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]盘锦光合蟹业有限公司,辽宁盘锦124200 [3]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2012年第3期231-235,共5页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅实验室专项(2008S062);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室资助项目(201019);辽宁省海洋与渔业厅科技计划项目(2011025);辽宁省高等学校优秀人才支持计划项目(LJQ2011074);大连市青年科技人才基金资助项目(2007J23JH023)

摘　　要：对中华虎头蟹Orithyia sinica幼体发育过程进行观察。结果表明:幼体发育分为4个主要时期,包括3期溞状幼体和1期大眼幼体。当海水盐度为28,水温为(25.1±0.8)℃时,Ⅰ期溞状幼体历时4～5 d发育至Ⅱ期溞状幼体,Ⅱ期溞状幼体历时4～5 d发育至Ⅲ期溞状幼体,Ⅲ期溞状幼体历时5～6 d发育至大眼幼体,大眼幼体经过5～6 d发育至Ⅰ期仔蟹,幼体自然孵化完成全部发育过程共需18～22 d。幼体大小、第1和第2颚足外肢羽状刚毛数目、尾叉棘刺数目、腹部肢芽大小是区分各时期溞状幼体的主要形态特征。Larval development of tiger crab Orithyia sinica was observed under a light microscope at a water temper- ature of （25.1 ±0.8 ） ℃. It was found that 4 larval stages including 3 zoeal stages and 1 megalop stage were distin- guished by the first stage of juvenile crab. The larvae were hatched as a zoea （Z） which was metamorphosed into the first stage juvenile crab by 4 times of moult, during which Z I larvae developed into Z Ⅱ larvae in 4-5 days, Z Ⅱ larvae developed into Z Ⅲ larvae in 4-5 days, and Z Ⅲ larvae lasted for 5-6 days, then became megalop which molted into juvenile crab 5-6 days later. The whole process of larval development took place during 18-22 d. The developmental stages of the larvae were primarily distinguished by body size, number of hair and spine on the maxilliped and telson, and size of pleopodal buds.

关 键 词：中华虎头蟹 幼体发育 形态特征 

分 类 号：S966.1[农业科学—水产养殖]