冬季大叶藻与幼参混养效果的模拟研究  

The co-culture of eelgrass Zostera marina and juvenile sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus,in winter

作　　者：邢坤[1] 李耕[2] 杨贵福[1] 刘海映[1] 潘玉洲[2] 郑文军[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国水产科学研究院营口增殖实验站,辽宁营口115004

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2012年第3期260-264,共5页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41006079);辽宁省特色产业基地计划产业化项目

摘　　要：在实验室条件下对冬季大叶藻Zostera marina与刺参Apostichopus japonicas当年生幼苗的生态混养效果进行了研究,分析了大叶藻对养殖水体中氨氮、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、磷酸盐的控制作用以及大叶藻对幼参生长的集聚效果。试验设置大叶藻与幼参混养组、幼参单养组和大叶藻单养空白组,每组设5个重复。试验幼参为2010年培育的秋苗(体长2.90 cm±0.04 cm,体质量0.69 g±0.02 g),试验总水体75 L,幼参放养密度为1个/L,水温为(15±1)℃,盐度为31～32,光照强度为(271±14)lx,试验共进行30 d。结果表明:大叶藻单养组氨氮、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、磷酸盐含量最高;幼参摄食大叶藻碎屑,对水体营养盐起到一定的控制作用,混养组各种营养盐含量居中;幼参单养组各种营养盐含量最低。试验期间,底质情况良好,水质对幼参的生长无影响;大叶藻可为幼参提供附着基,对幼参的集聚效果良好,超过80%的幼参栖息在大叶藻叶片上。The ecological effect of co-culture of eelgrass Zostera marina and juvenile（ body length of 2.90 cm± 0.04 cm; body weigh of 0.69 g±0.02 g） sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, was studied in winter, beyond the growing season of the sea grass, in a laboratory. The sea cucumbers were co-cultured with the eelgrass at a rate of 1 ind./L in a total water volume of 75 L supplied with sand-filtered and aerated seawater at salinity of 31-32, （ 15 ± 1 ） ℃, and fluorescent light of （271 ±14） lx for 30 days to evaluate the elimination of ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate and the aggregation of juvenile sea cucumber by the sea weed. The maximal levels of the nutrients were found in monoculture of the eelgrass. The middle levels of the nutrients were found in the co-culture group due to the organic detritus of leaves fed by the sea cucumber juveniles showing a control function on water nutrient. The minimal nutrient levels were found in monocuhure of juvenile sea cucumber. The sediment was remained in good condition and the water quality had negligible negative impact on the growth of the juveniles during the experiment. The eelgrass as attachments was shown to aggregate more than 80% of the juveniles on the leaves.

关 键 词：大叶藻 刺参 混养 营养盐 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]