多功能改土剂对河西地区风沙土理化性质以及玉米经济效益的影响  

Effects of Muti-functional Soil Amendments on Physio-Chemical Properties of Soil and Economic Benefits of Corn in Hexi Sandy Soil

作　　者：秦嘉海[1] 王爱勤[2] 闫治斌 肖占文[1] 赵芸晨[1] 张春梅[1] 程红玉[1] 郭雅琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,甘肃兰州731000 [3]甘肃敦煌种业股份有限公司,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2012年第2期47-51,55,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技部科技支撑计划项目"农作物新品种规模化测试体系及基地建设"(2011BAD35B10);甘肃科技支甘项目(1011JKCF180);甘肃省高校河西走廊特色资源利用省级重点实验室项目(XZ1002);甘肃省高等学校2010年研究生导师科研项目(1009B-05)

摘　　要：采用田间试验方法,研究了多功能改土剂对甘肃省河西地区风沙土理化性质和玉米经济性状及效益的影响。结果表明,影响玉米产量的因素由大到小依次为:牛粪(A)>糠醛渣和保水剂(B)>专用肥>聚乙烯醇。因素间最佳组合是:A1B1C2D3E3﹝牛粪(A)7.82 t,糠醛渣(B)6.00 t,专用肥(C)1.04 t,聚乙烯醇(D)0.09 t,保水剂(E)0.05 t﹞。多功能改土剂施用量与风沙土孔隙度、团粒结构、蓄水量、有机质、速效氮磷钾和土壤电导率(EC)呈正相关,与土壤容重、pH值呈负相关。随着多功能改土剂施用量的增加,边际产量、边际利润在递减,多功能改土剂施用量在15.00 t/hm2的基础上,再增加3.75 t/hm2,收益出现负值。经回归统计分析表明,多功能改土剂最佳施用量为15.00 t/hm2时,玉米的理论产量为7.03 t/hm2,计算结果与田间试验处理5基本吻合。Based on field test,the effects of muti-functional soil amendments on soil physio-chemical properties and economic benefits of corn were studied in a sandy soil in Hexi area.The results show that the effects of the amendments followed a descending order as： cow dungfurfural residue and SARfertilizerpoly-vinyl alcohol.The combination of A1B1C2D3E3（cow dung 7.82 t,furfural residue 6.00 t,special fertilizer 1.04 t,polyvinyl alcohol 0.09 t,insurance agent 0.05 t） displayed the best amending effects.The application amounts of the muti-functional soil amendments were found correlated positively with the values of soil porosity,aggregate structure,volume of water,organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium,and EC,and negatively with the values of bulk density and pH value.Marginal yields and profits decreased with increasing application amount of the multi-functional soil amendments.The pure interest rate decreased as an extra amount of 3.75 t/hm2 was applied over the base amount of 15.00 t/hm2.Based on statistical regression,the optimal application would be 15.00 t/hm2 with a theroetical corn yield of 7.03 t/hm2,which agreed well with the field tests.

关 键 词：多功能改土剂 风沙土 理化性质 玉米 经济效益 

分 类 号：S143.6[农业科学—肥料学]