泥石流源地降雨渗透深度检测仪的研制及应用  

Design of a Rainfall Infiltration Depth Detector and Its application in Debris Flow Source Area

作　　者：李朝安[1,2] 胡卸文[1] 王良玮[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]中铁西南科学研究院有限公司,四川成都611731

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2012年第2期168-171,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国铁路工程总公司科学技术发展项目"西南山区铁路沿线泥石流灾害预警研究"(2002J19);科技部科研院所专项技术发展项目"山区隧道洞口段滑坡(地下水)监测预警研究"(2008EG123205)

摘　　要：目前的泥石流预报模型主要是利用单一降雨信息为基础的统计模型,预报模糊区间较大,而泥石流形成的本质是泥石流源地土体在饱水侵润以及地表径流作用下失稳移动,因而可通过增加泥石流源地降雨后的土壤饱和渗透深度等下界面信息,为泥石流预报增加物理要素。在介绍土体渗透深度检测仪结构及工作原理基础上,探讨了将泥石流源地土体渗透深度信息与实时降雨信息相结合预报泥石流发生的应用技术,并进行了实测试验。实测结果表明,通过监测源地土体降雨渗透深度,可以提高预报泥石流的发生的准确性,具有良好的应用前景。A debris flow prediction model is often a statistical model which mainly uses the information of rainfall as the single basis,resulting substantial inaccuracy and indeterminacy in the forecast.Debris flows occur when the soil mass lost its stability owing to the pressure of surface runoff and the lubrication of the infiltrated water.The saturated soil depth by infiltrated rainfall can therefore be used as the lower boundary of debris flow source to enhance the physical elements of debris flow forecast.We described the working principles and the structure design of the detector for saturated soil depth.The technique was then employed to obtain the depth of rainfall saturated soil in the source of the debris flow.In addition to the real-time rainfall data,the saturated soil depth was used to forecast the occurrence of debris flow.According to the field experiment and the instrument observations,the accuracy of debris flow forecasting can be improved by monitoring the rainfall infiltration depth in soil of the debris flow source.

关 键 词：泥石流 土壤渗透深度 检测仪 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学]