中低温热能发电技术的热力学对比分析  

Thermodynamic comparative analysis of power generation system for low-and mid-grade heat sources

作　　者：安青松[1] 史琳[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学热能工程系,天津300072 [2]清华大学热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第2期79-83,92,共6页Journal of North China Electric Power University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50906041)

摘　　要：中低温热能的发电利用是太阳能、地热能转换利用及工业余热资源回收的重要方式。首先从热源温度、循环方式及技术特点出发,对典型的几种热功转换循环方式进行了分析,并且基于热源温度和装机容量的划分归纳出了各个循环适用定位,同时指出了对于350℃温度以下中低温热能,适合采用ORC和Kalina循环。最后从热力学分析角度,分析了两种循环下不同压力范围下,膨胀机入口温度与循环热效率之间的关系,得出ORC更适合于工业余热、太阳能等中低温热能的转换利用。The conversion of low-and mid-grade heat into power is important application ways for solar energy,geothermal energy utilization and industrial waste heat recovery.The paper analyzed several kinds of typical thermal power conversion cycle ways considering from the heat source temperature,cycle and technical characteristics.And indicated different cycle system for their suitable application scope based on study on division of heat source temperature and installed capacity.It is pointed out ORC and Kalina cycle are suitable for low-and mid-grade heat sources,especially below 350 ℃.Finally,it is concluded that ORC system is more suitable promising technology for industrial waste heat recovery and solar energy utilization through discussing the relationship between thermal efficiency and the inlet temperature of expander under different operating pressure from thermodynamics analysis.

关 键 词：中低温热能 热力循环 工质 ORC KALINA循环 

分 类 号：TK019[动力工程及工程热物理]