医院保洁人员艾滋病职业防护现状与对策  

Status and Strategy of Occupational Prevention and Protection of AIDS in Hospital Cleaning Workers

作　　者：胥碧芬[1] 何剑[1] 崔素芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院,四川南充637000

出　　处：《医学临床研究》2012年第4期674-676,共3页Journal of Clinical Research

基　　金：南充市市级应用技术研究与开发资金项目（2010SF30）

摘　　要：[目的]了解医院保洁人员艾滋病职业防护状况,为制定相应的防护对策提供依据.[方法]参考〈医疗废物管理条例〉制定问卷调查表,对本院155名保洁人员艾滋病职业防护情况进行问卷调查,结合现场考核进行分析.[结果]医院保洁人员接受过艾滋病职业防护培训的仅占25.16%;知晓艾滋病毒有效灭活方法、洗手指征、紫外线对艾滋病毒无效等知识的人不足50%;能正确洗手、正确处理伤口的人不足25%;44.52%的人员发生过锐器伤,年锐器伤163例次,及时上报率为40.65%,发生艾滋病职业暴露3例,1例未及时上报.[结论]医院保洁人员艾滋病职业暴露风险较大,应进一步加强艾滋病职业防护专项培训,提供充足的防护用品,建立有效的监督管理机制,规范医疗废物处置等措施.[Objective]To understand the status of occupational prevention and protection of AIDS in cleaning workers of the hospital and provide the evidence for working out the corresponding strategy of prevention and protection. [Methods]According to medical waste management regulation, questionnaires were formulated. Totally 155 cleaning workers in our hospital were surveyed by questionnaires of occupational prevention and protection of AIDS. Questionnaires combined with inspection in spot were analyzed. [Results] Only 25.16% of cleaning workers in the hospital had received professional training on the protection of AIDS, and less than 50%/0 of them knew the effective inactivation method, indications of handwashing and UV invalid to HIV, and less than 25 % of them knew how to wash the hands and handle the wound correctly. About 44.52 % of cleaning workers in the hospital had sharp instrument injury. There were 163 cases of sharp instrument injury per year. The prompt reporting rate was 40.65 %. Occupational exposure to AIDS occurred in 3 patients. Only one patient was not timely reported. [Conclusion] Cleaning workers in the hospital have higher risk of occupational exposure to AIDS. Special vocational training of the prevention and protection of AIDS should be further strengthened. Adequate protective equipment should be provided. Effective supervision and management mechanism should he established. The measures of medical waste disposal should be regulated.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]