陕北农牧交错带草地畜牧业系统气候功能定量及评价  

Quantization and Evaluation of Climatic Function on Grassland Husbandry System of the Farming-Pastoral Zone in Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：胡兵辉[1] 刘沛松[2] 李艳梅[1] 王克勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650224 [2]平顶山学院低山丘陵区生态修复重点实验室,河南平顶山467099

出　　处：《平顶山学院学报》2012年第2期77-81,102,共6页Journal of Pingdingshan University

基　　金：高等学校科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目(706054);西南林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治重点学科建设项目;西南林业大学科研启动基金项目(111116)

摘　　要：对草地畜牧业系统气候功能进行量化分析,可为农业气候资源合理有效利用及生产规划服务.以陕北农牧交错带1951—2006年的各县、区气候资料为研究数据,根据农业气候适宜度原理,采用模糊数学中的隶属函数和Fuzzy识别方法建立气候指标的正态型隶属函数,应用Fuzzy综合评价方法及农业气候指数集合运算方法分别进行气候功能综合评价和多层次评价.结果表明:陕北农牧交错带6县(区)均为牧草的适宜生长区,其中神木(B=0.82)适宜程度最高,定边较适宜(B=0.57);热量资源和光照资源均丰富,水分资源普遍缺乏,定边(S水=0.39)缺乏最严重;各县、区气候资源量一般,光、热、水匹配较差,资源利用率有差异,相比之下神木(K=0.77)最好;气候功能评价结果顺序为:神木>府谷>靖边>榆阳=横山>定边,呈现东北高西南低的走向.故水分因子成为农牧交错带气候功能发挥的主要限制因子,探究草地畜牧业系统内部水分宏观及微观变化规律及与其他因子之间的互作关系,调整畜牧业系统内部结构,提升系统水分有效性,可明显增进系统气候功能.Evaluating the climatic function of grassland husbandry system of the Farming-Pastoral zone can serve the efficient use of agro-climatic resource and rational production programming of grassland husbandry system.Based on the climatic data of Farming-Pastoral zone of northern Shaanxi from 1951 to 2006,with the principle of agro-climatic suitability and Fuzzy mathematics,the Fuzzy subordinative-degree functions are established.Using Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and agro-climatic index can synthetically and omnifariously evaluate the climatic function of grassland husbandry system of the Farming-Pastoral zone of northern Shaanxi.6 counties of the Farming-Pastoral zone of northern Shaanxi are suitable for the growth of herbage.Among them,Shenmu is the best one and Dingbian is the worst one.All of the counties had abundant quantity of heat and sunlight,but are short of precipitation.Dingbian lacks precipitation mostly.The evaluation result of climatic function is ShenmuFuguJingbianYuyang=HengshanDingbian.Precipitation is the uppermost restrained factor on exertion of the climatic function of grassland husbandry system of the Farming-Pastoral zone in northern Shaanxi.So,studying the water change mechanism and its relationship with other factors of grassland husbandry system,modulating structure of grassland husbandry system,efficiently utilizing sandland with better water condition and properly developing irrigation on sandy grassland can greatly improve precipitation availability and evidently upgrade the climatic function of grassland husbandry system.

关 键 词：草地畜牧业系统 气候适宜度 Fuzzy综合评价 农业气候指数 陕北农牧交错带 

分 类 号：S812.29[农业科学—草业科学]