神经干细胞的干性维持机制  

Maintenance and differentiation of neural stem cells

作　　者：高海霞[1] 金华君[1] 钱其军[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第二军医大学东方肝胆外科医院基因与病毒治疗实验室,上海市200438

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2012年第19期3593-3597,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(30925037)~~

摘　　要：背景:神经干细胞具有强大的自我更新和多向分化潜能,是治疗神经系统疾病的研究热点。目的:总结神经干细胞的生物学特性及干细胞维持和分化机制的研究进展。方法:由第一作者检索PubMed数据库1994-01/2011-05及清华同方中文系列数据库2000-01/2011-05涉及神经干细胞的生物学特征及干细胞维持和分化的文献,英文关键词为"Neural stem cells,cellfactors,ips,microenvironment",中文关键词为"神经干细胞,细胞因子,诱导多能干细胞,微环境",排除陈旧性、重复性文献,保留55篇进行归纳总结。结果与结论:神经干细胞是神经系统发育过程中保留下来的具有自我更新和多向分化潜能的原始细胞,其免疫原性低、无致瘤性,在神经系统类疾病的治疗方面拥有巨大的应用前景。神经干细胞自我更新与多向分化潜能的维持(干性维持)受其内源因子的调控,这些因子包括Tlx、Sox2、Hes、Bmi-1等转录因子,同时这一干性维持过程也受外源性信号的调控,外源性信号主要是指神经干细胞所处的微环境,包括神经干细胞周围基质细胞、细胞因子等方面。BACKGROUND： Neural stem cells （NSCs） have great self-renewal capacity and multiple differentiation potential, and therefore have become used to treat neurodegenerative disorders. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the biological characteristics of NSCs and the research progress of NSCs maintenance and differentiation mechanism. METHODS： The PubMed database （http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed） （between January 1994 and May 2011） and CNKI database （http：//www.cnki.net/index.htm） （between January 2000 and May 2011） were searched by the first author for the articles related to the biological characteristics of NSCs and the maintenance and differentiation mechanism. The key words were ＂neural stem cells, cell factors, ips, microenvironment＂ in English and Chinese. Outdated and repetitive studies were excluded, and 55 literatures were included for summarization. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Neural stem cells are the original cells with self-renewal capacity and multiple differentiation potential retained during development of the nervous system, Owing to their low-immunogenicity and non-oncogenicty, NSCs are supposed to have great potential in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Cell-intrinsic factors such as Tlx, Sox2, Hes and Bmi-1 can regulate the maintenance of self-renewal capacity and multiple differentiation potential of NSCs. Extrinsic signal such as the microenvironment, including the matrix cells around NSCs and cytokines also regulates the maintenance process.

关 键 词：干性维持 神经干细胞 诱导多能干细胞 微环境 细胞因子 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]