高升桥水库沉积物重金属的生态风险评价  

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments Samples from Gaoshengqiao Reservoir

作　　者：马秀巧[1] 姜霞[2] 王书航[2] 王雯雯[2] 王秋娟[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆工商大学环境与生物工程学院,重庆400067 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《三峡环境与生态》2012年第3期45-51,共7页Environment and Ecology in the Three Gorges

基　　金：重庆市荣昌高升桥水库水环境综合整治(201101061)

摘　　要：分析了高升桥水库沉积物中7种重金属(Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,Pb)质量比的空间分布特征,并对表层沉积物中重金属的富集特征及潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明,Pb和Ni的质量比在空间分布差异较大,其他重金属的质量比相对稳定,差异性大小依次为Pb>Ni>Cr>Zn>Cu>Cd>As。7种重金属的富集系数从大到小依次为Cd>Pb>Cr>Ni>Cu>Zn>As。金属Pb污染中有10个点位为高污染、5个点位为中污染;金属Cd有11个点位为极高污染,3个为高污染;金属Pb和Cd的污染范围较大,污染程度较重。Cd的潜在生态风险计算中有14个点位超过80,其潜在生态危害较大。因此高升桥水库沉积物中重金属(尤其是Pb和Cd)的污染治理及防护应引起重视。The temporal and the spatial distribution of heavy metal pollution in the sediment from Gaoshengqiao re- servorirs were investigated for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb . The accumulation characteristics and the ecological risk of the metals in surface sediment were analyzed. The results showed that there was quite difference between the spatial distribution of Ni and Pb , and the mass ratio of others heavy metals varied slightly . Slight differences were as fol- lows： Pb〉Ni〉Cr〉Zn〉Cu〉Cd〉As. The accumulation coefficient of the metals was in the order： Cd〉Pb〉Cr〉Ni〉Cu〉Zn〉As. The coefficient showed that the pollution of Pb was severe with 10 points and moderate with 5 points, the pollution of Cd was severe with 3 points and extremely severe 11 points. Both the two metal pollution were wildly and severely. There were 14 points beyond 80 in the caculating of potential ecological risk of cadmium, which indicated that the metal of cadmium has a large potencial ecological harm.

关 键 词：水库 沉积物 重金属 生态风险评价 富集系数 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]