脂肪细胞分化机制与骨髓造血微环境调控  

The mechanism of adipocyte differentiation and regulation of hematopoietic microenvironment

作　　者：刘革修[1] 陈小宇[1] 祝爱珍[1] 刘成成[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院血液病研究所,广东广州510632

出　　处：《暨南大学学报（自然科学与医学版）》2012年第2期116-120,共5页Journal of Jinan University(Natural Science & Medicine Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30670902)

摘　　要：在人体生长发育与衰老过程中骨髓会逐渐由红骨髓转变成为黄骨髓,即骨髓脂肪化,其本质是骨髓中脂肪细胞增多。骨髓脂肪细胞对造血微环境具有负性调节作用,能抑制骨髓造血、抑制造血重建时造血干细胞在骨髓中的植入。深入研究骨髓脂肪化机制对促进某些疾病过程中造血恢复、提高造血干细胞移植效率具有一定意义。脂肪细胞的形成主要包括间充质干细胞向前体脂肪细胞的定向分化及其终末分化两个阶段。本文主要阐述细胞形态变化和细胞外基质通过WNT和RHO-family GTPase信号级联通路调节前体脂肪细胞的定向分化,成脂刺激因素通过PPARγ的表观遗传学途径诱导前体脂肪细胞的终末分化,以及PPARγ和C/EBP的相互作用维持脂肪细胞的基因表达。With the process of growth and aging,human＇s red bone marrow will turn into yellow gradually,which is also known as bone marrow fatting.Its essence is the increased number of adipocytes in marrow.Many studies have showed that bone marrow adipocytes could regulate negatively the hematopoietic microenvironment,which inhibited the hematopoiesis and the embedding of hemopoietic stem cell in transplantation.Thus,further study of the mechanism of adipogenesis have significant influence on improving the hematopoietic recovery in diseases,and the effeciency of hemopoietic stem cell transplantation.Adipogenesis includes two stages：commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to a preadipocyte fate and terminal differentiation.This paper reviews that cell shape and extracellular matrix remodeling regulate preadipocyte commitment and competency by WNT and RHO-family GTPase signaling cascades,and adipogenic stimuli induce terminal differentiation through the epigenomic activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ（PPARγ）,and the coordination of PPARγ with CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein（C/EBP）transcription factors maintain adipocyte gene expression.

关 键 词：脂肪细胞 分化 骨髓 造血微环境 信号途径 

分 类 号：R331.22[医药卫生—人体生理学]