刺网选择性对鱼类表型性状的选择作用研究  

A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF GILLNET ON THE PHENOTYPIC TRAITS OF FISH POPULATION

作　　者：梁振林[1,2] 闫伟[1] 孙鹏[1] 黄六一[1] 唐衍力[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,青岛266003 [2]山东大学威海分校海洋学院,威海264209

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2012年第2期329-334,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目;2006BAD09A05号;农业部项目"渔具渔法专项调查与渔具选择性专题研究"资助;2007.01-2008.12

摘　　要：本研究从刺网选择性对鱼类表型性状的影响入手,应用数值模拟方法,模拟了一个具有一定体长特征的鱼类种群,利用具有多项选择参数(曲线标准差σ,最适体长l0,选择性因素R0)的刺网曲线对其进行长期捕捞作用,并在去除捕捞的情况下探讨这种影响的稳定性。结果表明,刺网捕捞作业长期作用于鱼类种群,会对种群体长组成产生深远的影响,开发率(E)越大,效果越明显。当刺网最适捕捞体长与初始种群优势体长重合时(l0=15),造成种群体长分布峰值的分化;如果l0>15,则导致种群体长组成向小型化方向偏移;反之则会造成种群体长组成向大型化方向偏移;而且这种影响可能伴随遗传因素,具有不可逆性。Based on models used in fishery biology, quantitative genetics, as well as numerical simulation methods, we developed a numerical simulation model to investigate whether long-term use of gillnet may affect the phenotypic traits （such as body length） of a fish population. In our simulation, we modeled a fish population that had a certain body length; then by varying a host of variables （α,l0, R0）, we explored the effect of long-term gillnet fishing as well as examined the stability of such effect after the fishing pressure was removed. The simulation results suggested that long-term fishing pressure was able to affect the characteristics of the fish population, i.e., the lager the exploitation rate （E）, the more distinct the effect. Furthermore, this impact was probably irreversible for a population that had experienced long-term fishing pressure.

关 键 词：刺网选择性 表型性状 标准差 开发率 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]