虎斑乌贼(Sepia pharaonis)胚胎发育及孵化历期观察  

STUDIES ON THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND THE HATCHING PERIODS OF SEPIA PHARAONIS

作　　者：陈道海[1] 王雁[1] 梁汉青[1] 孙国祥[2] 文菁[1] 郑小东[2] 

机构地区：[1]湛江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,湛江524048 [2]中国海洋大学水产学院,青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2012年第2期394-400,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业技术推广专项;A200899E01号;湛江市科技计划项目;2011D02-44号;2011B0203-25号;2011C3104009号;湛江师范学院博士专项;ZL1010号;ZL1011号

摘　　要：采捕虎斑乌贼野生卵群进行室内培育,采用显微成像系统,观察其胚胎发育过程,并详细描述各发育期的特征。结果显示:虎斑乌贼卵长径(30.7±2.4)mm,短径(13.4±1.3)mm,胚胎发育过程共分为卵裂、囊胚期、原肠期、器官芽原基出现、眼色由无色到黑色等30期,探讨了主要器官(眼、漏斗等)的发生变化过程。在胚体生长期间,胚体长度随时间逐渐增加,而卵黄大小则随之减小。从7—20d,胚体长度由2.5mm增至11.3mm,而卵黄直径由8.9mm减至4.5mm,胚体与卵黄长度比例由0.28增至2.51。在水温(23±0.5)℃,盐度28,pH7.41条件下,孵化高峰期为20—24d,孵化率为85.3%,初孵乌贼幼体平均体长(13.5±0.3)mm,平均胴体长(8.6±0.3)mm,平均体重(0.18±0.02)g。Sepia pharaonis is one of the most important economic cephalopods in South China Sea. The eggs of S pharaonis were cultured observed continuously in the laboratory. The length of egg is （30.7±2.4）mm in long diameter and （13.4±1.3）mm in short diameter. The different periods of eggs were got with photomicrography and their embryonic developments were compartmentalized into 30 periods, such as cleavage, blastocyst, gastrulation, the beginning of filling stage of external organs, white eyes, red eyes, black eyes, and so on. The characteristics of each period were described and the changes of the mainly organs were discussed, such as eyes, funnel organ. During the growth period, the length of embryo proper was increasing by time, while the diameter of yolk was decreasing. To be more specific, both the length of embryo proper and the ratio of embryo proper and yolk diameter increased between the period of day 7 to day 20, from 2.5mm to 11.3mm and 0.28 to 2.51, while the diameter of yolk decreased from 8.7mm to 4.5mm in the same period. The peak hatching time was 20--24d and the hatching rate was 85.3% under the condition of （23±0.5）℃, salinity 28, pH 7.41. The mean length of mantle and mean weight of hatchling larval were （12.5±0.3）mm and （0.18±0.02）g, respectively.

关 键 词：虎斑乌贼 受精卵 胚胎发育 孵化历期 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]