3种有机硅喷涂集雨面后的产流特征与集雨效率  

Rainwater Harvesting Efficiency and Rainfall-runoff Characteristics of Artificial Micro-catchments Used Three Kinds of Organic Silicon

作　　者：徐玉芹[1] 苏德荣[1] 全艳嫦[1] 孙宇轩 周顺新 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学森林培育教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京首发公路养护工程有限公司,北京102610

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2012年第2期66-70,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：北京首发公路养护工程有限公司资助项目

摘　　要：集雨工程的建造往往比较复杂,寻找更经济、简便的集雨材料是干旱半干旱地区雨水资源利用的重要研究方向。高分子有机硅由于其具有良好的防水性、化学惰性、操作简单等特性,成为新型集雨材料的潜在选择。试验选用3种不同性质的硅烷(有机硅)乳液,设计4种有机硅与水的稀释比例(1∶7,1∶10,1∶13,1∶16),3种集雨面坡度(0°,9°,15°),通过室外模拟降雨进行集雨效率观测。结果表明,集雨效率道康宁IE-6683最大,为96.96%,道康宁520次之,为96.50%,有机硅原液为90.24%;3种有机硅与水的比例在1∶13与1∶16时集雨效果较好,平均集雨效率在90%以上;集雨面坡度对集雨效率具有显著影响,有机硅原液在坡度为0°与9°变化时集雨效率随坡度增加而增加,坡度为15°时集雨效率有所下降,道康宁520与道康宁IE-6683集雨效率均随集雨面坡度的变大而增加。The construction of rainwater harvesting engineering is always complicated,so finding the cheaper and easier materials of rainwater harvesting is one important research field in arid and semiarid areas.Because the large molecule organic silicon has advantages of favorable waterproofness,unreactiveness and simplicity of usage,it has potential application for the catchment of rainwater harvesting.In this paper,three different kinds of silane emulsion（organic silicon）,four ratios of silane emulsion and water（1∶7,1∶10,1∶13,and 1∶16）,three slopes of catchment（0°,9°,and 15°）,were tested under the condition of simulated rainfall.The results showed that the highest rainwater harvesting efficiency was 96.96% made by Dow Corning IE-6683,the second one was 96.50% made by Dow Corning 520,the third one resulted from the unmixed organic silicon solution,was 90.24%;when the dilution rates of organic silicon and water were between 1∶13 and 1∶16,the average rainwater harvesting efficiency was up 90%;the slope of catchment had the remarkable influence upon the rainwater harvesting efficiency,when the slope were between 0° and 9°,the rainwater harvesting efficiency of the unmixed organic silicon solution was rising when the slope rose,but the efficiency was lower when the slope was 15° than 9°,and the rainwater harvesting efficiency of Dow Corning 520 and Dow Corning IE-6683 had the same variation tendency with the slope,the larger the slope,the higher the efficiency.

关 键 词：有机硅 产流特征 集雨效率 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S278[农业科学—农业基础科学]