青少年发育状况及塑料制品使用习惯现状的研究  

Investigation of development and plastic using status of adolescent

作　　者：陈瑶[1] 沈理笑[1] 黄红[1] 吕莹波[1] 李峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院儿童与青少年保健科,环境与儿童健康教育部和上海市重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2012年第5期398-400,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：上海交通大学医学院基金(YZ1065)

摘　　要：【目的】了解初中生体格发育水平、遗精/月经状况及塑料制品使用习惯;探讨体格发育对初中男生初遗/女生初潮年龄的影响;首次尝试了解塑料制品使用习惯对初中男生初遗/女生初潮年龄的影响。【方法】以体质指数(体重/身高2)作为评价体格发育的指标;逐一询问男生遗精、女生月经是否已发生,并记录初遗/初潮发生年龄;通过问卷调查了解初中生塑料制品使用习惯并计算得分;分析不同体格发育水平初遗/初潮年龄间的差异;了解塑料制品使用习惯与初遗/初潮年龄的关系。【结果】本组调查学生中超重率和肥胖率远超过低体重率,且男生超重与肥胖率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。调查学生中普遍存在不合理的塑料制品使用习惯。不同体格发育水平男生初遗年龄差异无统计学意义。而不同体格发育水平女生初潮年龄差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。塑料制品使用习惯得分与初遗/初潮年龄相关性无统计学意义。【结论】控制体重对青少年青春期发育至关重要;塑料制品使用安全知识应得到普及;应有选择性地开展青春期性教育课程。【Objectives】 To learn about the status of physical development,spermatorrhea/menstruation and plastics using habits of junior students and study about the association between physical development and spermarcheal/ menarcheal age.It＇s the first time to investigate the relationship between plastics using habits and spermarcheal/ menarcheal age.【Methods】 Body mass index（BMI：kg/m2） was used as the index for physical development.Spermarcheal and menarcheal age were obtained through interview.Plastics using habits were learned through questionnaire.Jonckheere-Terpstra test was used to learn about spermarcheal/menarcheal ages in different physical development status.The relationship between plastic using habits and spermarcheal/menarcheal age was analyzed through simple linear regression.【Results】 For participants in our investigation,the rate of overweight and obesity was much higher than the rate fo under-weight.At the same time,the rate of overweight and obesity was much higher than that in boys than in girls（P0.01）.A large proportion of the participants had bad habits of using plastics.Spermarcheal age in different physical development status had no statistical significance,while menarcheal age in different physical development status had a statistical significance（P=0.001）.There were no significant correlations between plastic using habits scores and spermarcheal age or menarcheal age.【Conclusions】 Weight control and appropriate use of plastics are especially important for adolescent normal pubertal development.Education of adolescence should be done respectively.

关 键 词：体格发育 体质指数 初遗年龄 初潮年龄 邻苯二甲酸酯 双酚A 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]