不同预处理提高棉花秸秆还原糖酶解效果的研究  

Effects of Different Pretreatments on Enhancing Reducing Sugar Hydrolysis Result of Cotton Stalk

作　　者：吴书奇[1] 马金萍[2] 王家佳[1] 席琳乔[1,3] 史卉玲[1] 张玲[1] 马春晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科技学院/新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]新疆呼图壁种牛场,新疆呼图壁831203 [3]东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2012年第5期74-78,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然基金资助项目(3096026);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAD17B05);国家牧草产业技术体系塔里木综合试验站资助项目(CARS-35)

摘　　要：为缓解饲草短缺的问题,采用硫酸处理、微波处理、蒸汽爆破处理等9种方法预处理棉花秸秆,软化棉花秸秆中的木质素,增强饲喂时的适口性,提高棉花秸秆的利用率。结果表明:蒸汽爆破处理棉花秸秆的损失量最大,为39.00%。纤维素含量除了蒸汽爆破处理较低,其它处理均高于对照。木质素含量,除氨化(16℃)与对照接近外,其它的处理均低于对照。对预处理的棉花秸秆分别添加筛选自牛粪一组纤维素降解复合系和绿色木霉进行酶解试验。酶解结果表明:微波处理、氨化处理(16℃)、碱+微波处理、双氧水处理、蒸汽爆破处理绿色木霉的活性强于纤维素复合酶,碱/微波处理、氨化处理(30℃)、碱处理、硫酸处理的预处理棉花秸秆进行酶解效果纤维素复合酶的作用优于绿色木霉的效果。微波处理、氨化处理、碱+微波处理、双氧水处理、硫酸预处理酶解的效果较好。碱+微波波处理失重率最高,达到19.32%、酶解率最高,达到32.20%;硫酸处理糖化率最高,达到18.20%、转化率最高,达到20.23%;碱+微波处理葡萄糖得率最高,达到1.013%。With the aim of alleviating the shortage of forage problems,using nine pretreatments of cotton stalk,such as sulfuric acid,microwave processing,steam explosion processing and so on,to soften the lignin in cotton stalks,enhance the palatability of feeding and improve the efficiency of cotton stalk.The results showed that：under steam explosion,the loss rate of cotton straw was the biggest,39.00%.cellulose content of the pretreatments were higher than blank control,except the steam explosion process.Lignin content of pretreatments were lower than the control,except for ammonification（16℃） treatment nearly with the control.The enzyme solution experiment was conducted by adding cellulose degradation of composite performance screening from a group of cow dung and trichoderma viride on the pretreatment cotton stalk respectively.Crude enzyme liquid was extracted.The pretreatment cotton straw,which was pretreated with microwaves,ammonia water,alkali and microwaves,hydrogen peroxide and steam exploded,was decomposed by cellulase of Trichoderma vride more than cellulose degrading microbial flora.And others cellulose degrading microbial flora more than Trichoderma vride.Overall microwaves,ammonia water,alkali and microwaves,hydrogen peroxide,sulphuric acid pretreatment enzymolysis were better than others.Alkali and microwaves lose weight was the highest,19.32%,and the rate of enzymolysis was the highest,32.20%.Sulphuric acid pretreatment glycosylated ratio was the most of 18.20%and the highest convert ratio was 20.23%.Alkali and microwaves glucose yield was the highest,1.013%.

关 键 词：预处理 棉花秸秆 纤维素复合酶 降解率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]