准噶尔盆地南缘降水脉冲量级分布及其变化规律  

Distribution and Change of Different Precipitation Pulse Sizes in the Southern Marginal Zone of the Junggar Basin,China

作　　者：郑新倩[1,2,3] 郑新军[3] 李彦[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所阜康荒漠生态系统研究站,新疆阜康831500

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2012年第3期495-502,共8页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30800144);国际科学和技术合作计划(2010DFA92720)项目资助

摘　　要：对干旱区降水脉冲发生规律的分析,将为理解荒漠生态系统结构与功能提供新的视野。选择准噶尔盆地南缘的温泉、精河、乌苏、蔡家湖、奇台和巴里坤6个气象站近50多年的逐日降水资料,分析不同量级降水脉冲对年总降水频次和降水量的贡献以及变化规律。结果表明:小降水脉冲(≤5 mm)占到全年总降水频次的87.5%,而大降水脉冲(>10 mm)只占到了4.3%。然而,小降水脉冲对年降水量的贡献为47.5%,大降水脉冲却贡献26.6%。近50多年来,准噶尔盆地南缘的年降水量有显著增加,但是,年降水频次的变化却不显著。这可以归结为小脉冲呈下降趋势,而大脉冲则显著增加。总之,近50多年来,准噶尔盆地南缘的降水脉冲在放大。The ＂pulse-reserve＂ conceptual model was one of the most-cited paradigms to study the eco-process triggered by precipitation pulse in water-controlled ecosystem in the past decades, giving people a new scope to understand the relationship between precipitation and structure and function of desert ecosystem in arid area. In this paper, different sizes of precipitation pulse events contributing to annual precipitation and its frequency as well as its change in the marginal zone of the Junggar Basin, China were analyzed based on the daily precipitation data observed at 6 meteorological stations in the study area. The results showed that the proportion of low precipitation pulse event size （lower than or equal to 5 mm） was as high as 87.5%, while that of high one （higher than 10 mm） was only 4.3 % of the total annual precipitation pulse frequency. However, the contribution rates of low and high precipitation pulse event sizes to annual precipitation were 47.5% and 26.6% respectively. In the past 50 years, annual precipitation was increased significantly, but the c significant. It could be explained that the low precipitation pulse hange of annual precipitation frequency was not event size was in a decrease trend, but the high one was in a significant increase trend. Anyway, the precipitation pulse event sizes in the marginal zone of the Junggar Basin were amplified in the past 50 years.

关 键 词：气候变化 降水脉冲 干旱区 荒漠生态系统 准噶尔盆地 

分 类 号：P426.614[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]