厦门海域营养盐含量和比率变化及其对浮游植物群落的影响  

Variations of nutrient content and ratios and their impact on phytoplankton community in Xiamen waters

作　　者：陈宝红[1,2] 陈长平[1] 陈金民[2] 高宇[1] 林辉[2] 黄海宁[2] 暨卫东[2] 高亚辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学生命科学学院,福建厦门361005 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2012年第2期246-253,共8页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2010J01260;2008J0139);国家973计划资助项目(2010CB428704)

摘　　要：于2010年8月和10月对厦门海域营养盐和浮游植物等开展了两个航次的调查,目的在于研究该海域营养盐含量和比率变化及其对水采浮游植物群落的影响.各化学和生物要素的采集、保存和分析按照《海洋调查规范》或《海洋监测规范》的相关方法进行.研究结果表明,厦门海域浮游植物生长的营养盐限制性因子与1998年的研究结果比较,依然为PO4-P,而SiO3-Si含量和DIN含量相对充足.各项营养盐含量与盐度都有较明显的负相关性,其中保守性最明显的是DIN,而PO4-P与盐度的相关性相对最低.此外,8月份鉴定到的甲藻门种类和生物量明显高于10月份.本文认为,目前厦门海域营养盐比率变化的主要压力为N/P摩尔比率失衡.随着人为输入氮源的增加,在富氮的九龙江口及其邻近海域,极易发生中肋骨条藻赤潮,该藻的生物量与NO3-N和SiO3-Si含量的相关性十分明显.研究发现,厦门甲藻/硅藻生物量的比值与NO3-N和N/P摩尔比率有一定的正相关性,可能预示着该海域无机氮含量的增加及其引起的N/P摩尔比率增大会促进甲藻门种类的生长.并且浮游植物Shannon生物多样性指数可作为反映厦门海域富营养化较好的生物指标.Two surveys of nutrients and phytoplankton community variations and so on had been done in August and October in 2010 in Xiamen waters to study the variations of nutrient content and ratios and their impact on phytoplankton community.The results show that limiting nutrient to phytoplankton was PO4-P in Xiamen waters compared with the reports of 1998,and contents of SiO3-Si and DIN were comparatively high.All types of nutrients correlated negatively with salinity,the highest was DIN（r=-0.963 in August and r=-0.971 in October）,and the lowest was PO4-P（r=-0.555 in August and r=-0.637 in October）.Compared with data from October,the species and abundance of Dinophyta were higher in August.This study suggests that the change of nutrient structure is due to the unbalance of N/P mol ratio（N/P mol ratio was 58.0 and 32.9 in August and October,respectively）.With increasing input of nitrogen in the waters from human activities,red tide caused by Skeletonema costatum can occur easily in Jiulong river estuary and surrounding waters.There were high correlations between Skeletonema costatum abundance and NO3-N and SiO3-Si contents.And ratio of cell counts of Dinophyta to Bacillariophyta showed some relations positively with content of NO3-N and N/P mol ratio,which implied that the increasing content of DIN and unbalance of N/P mol ratio could favor the growth of Dinophyta species.It is found that,ratio of Dinophyta to Bacillariophyta cell abundance in Xiamen has positive correlation with nitrate and N/P mol ratio,which may indicate that increased content of inorganic nitrogen and N/P mol ratio,can promote Dinophyta growth in the area.Additionally,Shannon-weaver diversity index from phytoplankton community could be taken as a biological indicator of eutrophication in Xiamen waters.

关 键 词：海洋环境科学 营养盐 N/P摩尔比率 浮游植物 中肋骨条藻 厦门海域 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]